Vol 7, No 1 (2014)

Articles

Choroidal thickness in normal subjects and in age-related macular degeneration

Astakhov Y.S., Belekhova S.G., Dal N.Y.

Abstract

Results of choroidal thickness measurements in 75 healthy subjects of different age groups (123 eyes) are presented as well as those of 35 patients (45 eyes) with age-related macular degeneration. Examinations were performed with a Spectralis optical coherence tomograph using the regimen of Enhanced Depth Imaging (EDI-OCT). A negative dependence between choroidal thickness and age was found (r = -0.78, p < 0.0001). Sub-foveal thickness of the choroid decreases on average by 2.99 µm for every life year. No significant differences in choroidal thickness of age-related macular degeneration patients and that of healthy people of the same age group were found.
Ophthalmology Reports. 2014;7(1):4-7
pages 4-7 views

A review of secondary surgical procedures for failed primary retinal detachment repair

Lukovskaya N.G., Sajgina E.A., Dzhanayeva Z.N.

Abstract

An analysis of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) surgical treatment after external stages of surgical treatment was performed. The main types of surgical treatments of RRD recurrences were reviewed. The principal surgical treatment for secondary repair is vitrectomy with retinal endophotocoagulation and silicone oil or gas-air mixture injection.
Ophthalmology Reports. 2014;7(1):8-12
pages 8-12 views

Microbial spectrum and microflora antibiotic sensitivity in patients with inflammatory eye diseases

Borovskikh Y.V., Borobova I.M., Yegorov V.V.

Abstract

The authors studied 1726 bacteriological cultures to find the etiology of inflammatory eye diseases, to assess the sensitivity of microorganisms to modern antibiotics used in ophthalmological practice. The main causative microorganisms are various Staphylococci, as a monoculture (85 %), or in association with other microorganisms (15 %). The microflora revealed is most sensitive to medications containing Tobramycin (87 %), Ofloxacin (72 %), Ciprofloxacin (71 %).
Ophthalmology Reports. 2014;7(1):13-18
pages 13-18 views

A cross-impact degree and morpho-functional correlation characteristics between primary open-angle glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration

Avdeyev R.V., Aleksandrov A.S., Basinskiy A.S., Blyum Y.A., Brezhnev A.Y., Volkov Y.N., Galimova A.B., Gaponko O.V., Garkavenko V.V., Getmanova A.M., Gorodnichiy V.V., Gusarevich A.A., Diordiychuk S.V., Dorofeyev D.A., Zavadskiy P.C., Zvereva O.G., Karimov U.R., Kulik A.V., Kuroyedov A.V., Lanin S.N., Lovpache D.N., Loskutov I.A., Molchanova Y.V., Onufriychuk O.N., Ogorodnikova V.Y., Petrov S.Y., Rozhko Y.I., Sidenko T.A.

Abstract

A study of cross-impact degree and morpho-functional correlation characteristics of primary open angle glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration was performed at 25 clinical sites in Russia and some CIS countries from January through May 2013. The study final protocol included 87 patients (108 eyes) divided into two groups, mean age of patients was 66.6 ± 5.65 years (min 55; max 81). Intragroup and intergroup variance analysis did not establish any significant difference in the macular area between the «glaucoma» group and the «glaucoma + AMD» group depending on the disease stage. The findings suggest that macular degeneration develops subsequent to a preexisting glaucomatous state.
Ophthalmology Reports. 2014;7(1):19-27
pages 19-27 views

“Hylabak” and “Theagel” use for dry eye syndrome in diabetic patients

Grigorieva N.N., Panfilova M.V., Stepanova E.N., Shadrichev F.E.

Abstract

During last ten years the prevalence of diabetes mellitus significantly increased. Taking into consideration the role of metabolic impairments in the pathogenesis of diabetes and of dry eye syndrome, the increase in number of patients suffering from kerato-conjunctival xerosis on the background of carbohydrate metabolism disorder is highly predictive. This is favored also by the fact that type 2 diabetes, assuring the main increase in disease incidence, is constantly “rejuvenating”, more and more covering a substantial group of a socially-active part of population, which assumes a modern life-style with all the adverse effects accompanying hasty urbanization. The article is dedicated to the comprehensive dry eye syndrome treatment in diabetic patients.
Ophthalmology Reports. 2014;7(1):28-33
pages 28-33 views

The dry eye syndrome in patients treated for breast cancer and methods to correct it

Kovalevskaya M.A., Turovets Y.K.

Abstract

Treatment for breast cancer in women promotes the dry eye syndrome and its worsening during chemo- and hormonotherapy courses, this fact being warranted by dry eye syndrome diagnostic tests. It is the authors’ opinion, that the dry eye syndrome treatment using a Cyclosporine A based medication in combination with artificial tears leads to considerable improvement. I case of inflammatory component overlay (redness, eye pain at ocular movements), such therapy is most effective. In all patients, the treatment was well tolerated, with positive dynamics noted. After a local treatment course, dry eye syndrome diagnostic tests’ results reached normal values.
Ophthalmology Reports. 2014;7(1):34-39
pages 34-39 views

The evolution of tear substitutes: from saline solutions to cationic nanoemulsion

Vokhmyakov A.V.

Abstract

The article defines the milestones of the development of the main types of artificial tears, describes characteristics and benefits of the new tear substitute Cationorm® based on Novasorb® technology: electrostatic mucoadhesion, rapid and optimal spreading, and long time of contact with the ocular surface, favorable action on all tear film layers, osmoregulation, compatibility with different contact lens types, and prolonged clinical efficacy.
Ophthalmology Reports. 2014;7(1):41-46
pages 41-46 views

Results of Lucentis use as a routine practice in wet age-related macular degeneration patients

Loskutov I.A.

Abstract

Ranibizumab treatment leads to rapid visual acuity improvement, which may be observed in as little as a week after the first injection, and may lead to quality of life improvement as estimated by VFQ-25 questionnaire. The retinal thickness progressively decreased in the course of treatment, what along with the lesion size reduction results in visual function improvement. The quality of life assessment using the VFQ-25 questionnaire revealed an improvement in all subscale positions during first months of monitoring, when visual acuity increase helps the patient perform routine daily activities. The longer Lucentis is needed and used, the trend is less optimistic, and patients acknowledge a quality of life decrease. Total VFQ-25 score has well-defined rises and descents, favoring treatment efficacy as well as the necessity of additional injections according to clinical need.
Ophthalmology Reports. 2014;7(1):47-57
pages 47-57 views

Neurotrophic corneal and conjunctival xerosis

Zhurova S.G.

Abstract

Purpose: to develop a method of surgical treatment of patients with corneal ulcers of xerotic etiology and evaluate its efficacy in different time periods after operation. Materials and methods: 68 patients (86 eyes) with severe dry eye syndrome complicated by xerotic corneal ulcers were examined. In all patients, the ulcer defect was covered with conjunctiva and amniotic membrane. The operation was combined with an outer tarsorrhaphy and temporary blepharorraphy. Results: All 86 eyes (100%) achieved total closure of the ulcer defect, sealing of any perforation and maintaining of corneal transparency beyond the ulcer defect. Conclusion: Surgical closure of corneal ulcers with conjunctiva is an effective method of treatment of xerotic corneal ulcers. It could be recommended in patients with corneal perforation and tendency of descemetocele formation.
Ophthalmology Reports. 2014;7(1):59-65
pages 59-65 views

Third cranial nerve palsies

Estopinal C., Lavin P.

Abstract

Third nerve palsies can represent a wide variety of pathologic processes, ranging from benign to life threatening. Localization of the causative lesion directs subsequent laboratory testing and imaging studies. The lesion can often be localized based on associated signs and symptoms. The differential diagnosis for an isolated third nerve lesion varies based upon the patient’s age and the relative deficits of extraocular movements and pupillary function. It is imperative that at-risk patients be adequately evaluated for cerebral arterial aneurysm using CTA, MRA, or CCA.
Ophthalmology Reports. 2014;7(1):66-71
pages 66-71 views

Sovremennye predstavleniya o lazernom lechenii myagkikh makulyarnykh druz

Gatsu M.V., Gordeyeva M.V.

Abstract

Проведена комплексная оценка морфологических и функциональных результатов различных лазерных методов лечения мягких макулярных друз у пациентов с «сухой» формой возрастной макулярной дегенерации (ВМД). Показано, что использование субпороговых микроимпульсных методик лазеркоагуляции мягких макулярных друз с выбранными параметрами оказалось неэффективным. Прямая и непрямая пороговые методики лазеркоагуляции одинаково эффективны в плане регресса небольших мягких сливных макулярных друз, но не приводят к улучшению функциональных показателей сетчатки. Менее травматичным методом лазерного лечения является прямая пороговая лазеркоагуляция, поскольку она не вызывает ятрогенного повреждения непоражённых друзами участков сетчатки. Выделен определённый тип друз (так называемые ОПЭ-подобные друзы, т. е. напоминающие отслойку пигментного эпителия сетчатки) и доказано, что их лазеркоагуляция по прямой методике приводит к улучшению как морфологических, так и функциональных показателей сетчатки.
Ophthalmology Reports. 2014;7(1):72-81
pages 72-81 views

Preventive surgical combination treatment of postoperative malignant glaucoma

Tarasov K.L., Grigor’ev S.G., Reituzov V.A., Eskina E.N.

Abstract

A retrospective analysis of 90 patients with narrow-angle glaucoma, treated in the Laser medicine clinic “Sphera” and “Tarasov’s Ophthalmology center” was performed, a mathematical model for prediction of postoperative malignant glaucoma development has been worked out. Clinical efficacy of developed by the authors comprehensive preventive microinvasive surgical procedure proved its efficacy in 12 patients with high risk of postoperative malignant glaucoma development.
Ophthalmology Reports. 2014;7(1):82-87
pages 82-87 views


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