Analysis of Recorded Morbidity, Prevalence and Hospital Mortality of Patients with Symptomatic Multiple Myeloma in the Ryazan Region for 10 Years

INTRODUCTION: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a disease whose substrate is plasma cells; it is characterized by the production of monoclonal immunoglobulin. Epidemiology of MM in Russia is insufficiently studied. Of interest is a study of dynamics of the main epidemiological parameters of multiple myeloma in the context of a poor epidemiological prognosis for oncological diseases in the Russian Federation and in the world in general.

AIM: To analyze the main epidemiological parameters of symptomatic MM in the Ryazan region for 10 years (2010–2019).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 343 medical records of patients with symptomatic MM were analyzed, of them 146 men (age median — 65 years), 197 women (age median — 64 years). The patients underwent inpatient treatment in the hematology and chemotherapy department of Ryazan Regional Clinical Hospital from 2010 to 2019. The epidemiological analysis consisted in evaluation of the parameters of the registered morbidity, prevalence and hospital mortality. The criterion for inclusion in the study was the existence of symptomatic MM in the patient. For statistical processing, Microsoft information and analytical system, Office package was used.

RESULTS: The highest amount of new cases of MM were identified in 2018 (4.19 per 100,000 population), the lowest — in 2012 (1.83 per 100,000 population). In the analyzed period, the number of cases of newly diagnosed MM per year increased by 30.3%. Most patients at the time of diagnosis were in the age group of 60−69 years. Morbidity with MM in the age group of 30−49 years was comparable in men and women, however, among the patients ≥ 50 years women predominated. Over 10 years, the index of MM prevalence in the Ryazan region increased 1.43 times: from 6.71 to 9.6 per 100,000 population, index of hospital mortality — from 1.4% to 3.3%.

CONCLUSION: The growth of the registered mortality and prevalence of MM in the Ryazan region in 2010−2019 was identified, which corresponds to the dynamics in other regions of the Russian Federation. Also, during the analyzed period, an increase in hospital mortality of patients with MM was observed in the region.