A Rare Variant of Origin of the Main Arteries of the Thyroid Gland

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INTRODUCTION: The knowledge of the main variants of blood supply to the thyroid gland is of practical interest for both morphologists and surgeons, since understanding of the peculiarities of the arrangement and the type of branching of arteries often determines the course of surgical intervention in this area. The thyroid arteries are in the zone of close attention of specialists due to the abundance of their anatomical variants.

The presented case illustrates peculiarities of the origin and branching of the superior and inferior thyroid arteries in an 82-year-old female patient. The detailed preparation of injected vessels revealed an atypical arrangement of the thyroid arteries and their branches on the right: the superior thyroid artery emerged in a single trunk with the lingual artery, and the inferior thyroid artery emerged directly from the subclavian artery. Upon that, the arteries had classic arrangement on the left.

CONCLUSION: In the studied variant, of interest was the fact that the abnormally located inferior thyroid artery was combined with a single arterial trunk for the superior and lingual artery on one side of the body, with the ‘classic’ architecture of branches of the external carotid artery and thyrocervical arterial trunk on the other side. The frequency of occurrence of this variant, according to the literature, is 3.5% of cases. The main difference from the cases described in the literature is location of the thyrocervical trunk above the bifurcation of the common carotid artery and shorter length of the thyrocervical trunk and the superior thyroid artery.

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Nikita Chugunov

Ryazan State Medical University

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: NiChygynov2013@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0003-3974-3792
SPIN 代码: 3088-5077
俄罗斯联邦, Ryazan

Artem Pavlov

Ryazan State Medical University

Email: av.pavlov-rzgmu@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8224-824X
SPIN 代码: 4227-7508

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor

俄罗斯联邦, Ryazan

Ilya Gluhovets

Ryazan State Medical University; City Clinical Hospital of Emergency Medical Care

Email: gluhoveci@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5158-9463
SPIN 代码: 5261-5174

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor

俄罗斯联邦, Ryazan; Ryazan

Dmitriy Prokofyev

City Clinical Hospital of Emergency Medical Care

Email: patolog.prokofev@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0001-6780-7162
SPIN 代码: 3011-0939
俄罗斯联邦, Ryazan

Lyubov Pavlova

Saint Petersburg State University

Email: la05pavlova@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0008-9381-1473
俄罗斯联邦, Saint Petersburg

参考

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2. Fig. 1. Arterial system of the thyroid gland (The red arrow indicates the places where glandular branches enter the gland tissue): a — general view of the thyroid gland with trunk and extraorgan vessels (1 — superior thyroid arteries, 2 — inferior thyroid arteries); b — thyro-lingual trunk and its branching (1 — thyro-lingual trunk, 2 — lingual artery, 3 — branch to the submandibular salivary gland, 4 — sterno-clavicular-axillary branch, 5 — superior thyroid artery, i — thyrohyoid branch, ii — anterior glandular branch, iii — lateral glandular branch); c — course and branching of the inferior thyroid artery (1 — inferior thyroid artery).

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