儿童个体化带X线显影标记的3D模板在经椎弓根固定中的应用与“徒手法”的比较

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论证。在合并胸廓发育异常的儿童先天性脊柱畸形患者中,经椎弓根螺钉植入需要特别高的精准性和规范性。应用带有X线显影标记的个体化导航模板可以显著提高螺钉定位的准确性,降低并发症风险。

目的。分析带X线显影标记的创新型个体化手术模板的应用效果,以及在合并胸廓发育异常的儿童先天性脊柱畸形患者中经椎弓根螺钉植入金属内固定装置的准确性,并与“徒手法”进行比较。

材料与方法。纳入26例(4–9岁)在专业中心接受手术治疗的患者。所有患者分为两组:第一组 (n=13)在螺钉植入过程中使用带X线显影标记的新型模板;第二组(n=13)采用“徒手法”。通过术后X线和CT评估螺钉位置,依据Gertzbein分级进行准确性评分。统计分析采用t检验,显著性水平p<0.05。

结果。使用导航模板的组别中,100%的螺钉均(Grade 0)被正确置入。在“徒手法”组,正确置入率为80.5%,其中16.9%的螺钉轨迹偏差在2 mm以内(Grade 1),2.6%偏差超过2 mm(Grade 2)。此外, 使用导航模板建立骨道的时间明显少于“徒手法”,差异具有统计学意义。

结论。带X线显影标记的导航模板在合并胸廓发育异常的儿童先天性脊柱畸形患者经椎弓根螺钉植入中展现出高度的准确性和正确性,可降低螺钉植入位置不良的风险,并缩短手术时间。其广泛应用可显著提高该类患者外科治疗的安全性和有效性。

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作者简介

Vakhtang G. Toria

H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Children’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: vakdiss@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2056-9726
SPIN 代码: 1797-5031

MD

俄罗斯联邦, Saint Petersburg

Sergei V. Vissarionov

H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Children’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery

Email: vissarionovs@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4235-5048
SPIN 代码: 7125-4930

MD, PhD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Corresponding Member of RAS

俄罗斯联邦, Saint Petersburg

Ramil R. Kubanov

H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Children’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery

Email: Kubrrash@outlook.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0003-3937-3621
SPIN 代码: 5825-3395

MD

俄罗斯联邦, Saint Petersburg

参考

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2. Fig. 1. Patient-specific surgical template with radiopaque markers for preparing bone channels for pedicle screw insertion, superior view: 1, frame; 2, guide sleeves; 3, radiopaque markers; 4, fixation aperture for the micro-screw.

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3. Fig. 2. Intraoperative image of a patient with congenital thoracic scoliosis, depicting the surgical site with templates containing radiopaque markers in place after the formation of the bony channels.

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4. Fig. 3. Intraoperative radiograph demonstrating the surgical template with the radiopaque markers in situ; the position of the guide sleeves is visualized in the projection of the vertebral arch pedicles, and the radiopaque markers are seen within the prepared channels.

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5. Fig. 4. Intraoperative anteroposterior radiograph during instrumentation, depicting the correct placement of the pedicle screws.

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