Modern principles of cardiovascular disease prevention

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详细

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the world, primarily in low-and middle-income countries, including Russian Federation. According to WHO experts, the global atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease epidemic can be brought under control mainly by improving the cardiovascular prevention. This paper describes the modern principles of risk assessment in people without manifested atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, as well as considers drug and non-drug methods of primary prevention.

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作者简介

Leonid Bershtein

North-West State Medical University Named after I.I. Mechnikov

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: leonid.bershtein@szgmu.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9444-159X
SPIN 代码: 6744-4034
Scopus 作者 ID: 24833097000
Researcher ID: N-9985-2014

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.)

俄罗斯联邦, 41 Kirochnaya str., Saint Petersburg, 191015

参考

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补充文件

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2. Fig. 1. Updated SCORE chart for European populations at high cardiovascular disease risk (by ESC Guidelines, 2019)

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3. Fig. 2. Life-time risk assessment chart

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4. Fig. 3. An example of coronary calcium imaging required for measuring the coronary calcium score

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5. Fig. 4. Measurement of a carotid plaque area

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