Congenital anomalies prevalence in children: risk factors and patronage nurse’s role in preventing them

Congenital anomalies are serious medical and social problem in the world. They doubled over last decade of XX century and played significant role in the structure of pathology and mortality in the infant, perinatal and children. Nowadays 1800 out of 10,000 children are born with congenital anomalies. Congenital abnormalities play a significant role in the structure of morbidity, disability and mortality. 40-60% of these anomalies have reasons? Which are still unknown. The term «sporadic the defect of birth» is used in these cases, which means unknown reason, random appearance and low risk for future children. For 20-25% of anomalies «multi-factor» reason is more likely -the complex interaction many small genetic defects and environmental risk factors. The rest 10-13% of anomalies are associated with the influence of the environment. Only 12-25% of anomalies have purely genetic causes.

congenital anomalies, patronage nursing, congenital dental anomalies