Sulfur isotopic composition of sulfides and sulphates from rocks of carbonatite complexes of the devonian Kola alkaline province

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Abstract

This study presents the sulfur isotopic characteristics in baryte from carbonatites of the Sallanlatva massif and sulfides (mainly pyrite and pyrrhotite) from carbonatites, phoscorites and products of their contact interaction with the host silicate rocks of most carbonatite-bearing complexes of the Devonian Kola Alkaline Province (KAP). For some complexes (Ozernaya Varaka, Kontozero), these characteristics are reported for the first time. The determined range of δ34S variations of sulfides in one complex does not exceed 4‰, but reaches 20‰ for the entire Kola Alkaline Province. This may be related to the evolution style of carbonatites and associated rocks. It is shown that the δ34S value in sulfides decreases from (1) the least evolved volcanic carbonatites of the Kontozero complex (δ34Savg. = –1.3‰) through (2) carbonatites and phoscorites of the Kovdor, Ozernaya Varaka, Sokli, and Salmagora massifs towards (3) the rocks of Seblyavr, Vuoriyarvi, and, finally, the carbonatites of Sallanlatva (δ34Savg. = –14.7‰) massifs, where sulfides differ from those of other KAP carbonatites in their exceptionally low δ34S values. The carbonatite volcanics of Kontozero are almost barren of REE mineralization; carbonatites of the second group contain accessory amounts of REE minerals; the third group is peculiar in the abundance of late carbonatites, where REE carbonates are frequently major minerals. Thus, the greater the volume of REE minerals in carbonatites of the complex, the lower the δ34S value in sulfides from its carbonatites and associated rocks. For the first time in the KAP, the sulfur isotopic composition of associated baryte–pyrite pairs was studied in the Sallanlatva carbonatites. The sulfur isotopic characteristics are shown to correspond to the final low-temperature (250–350°C) stage of carbonatite evolution in oxidized conditions, which satisfies the parameters of baryte crystallization. Since the studied samples of the Sallanlatva carbonatites are explosive breccias, the oxidized composition of fluids may indicate their phreatomagmatic nature, i.e., formation due to the interaction of intruded hot matter (melt/fluid) with meteoric waters.

About the authors

E. N. Kozlov

Geological Institute, Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (GI KSC RAS)

Author for correspondence.
Email: kozlov_e.n@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Apatity, 184209

E. N. Fomina

Geological Institute, Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (GI KSC RAS)

Email: kozlov_e.n@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Apatity, 184209

V. N. Reutsky

V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IGM SB RAS)

Email: kozlov_e.n@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, 630090

M. Yu. Sidorov

Geological Institute, Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (GI KSC RAS)

Email: kozlov_e.n@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Apatity, 184209

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