Degradation of skeletal muscle proteins in pink salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha (Salmonidae) during spawning migration

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Abstract

In fish, skeletal muscle serves as a depot of plastic and energy substrates, which are actively consumed to maintain their viability during spawning migration and spawning. The content of water-soluble protein and its oxidized (carbonylated) fraction, as well as the activity of protein hydrolyzing enzymes (intracellular proteases) in skeletal muscle of pink salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha producers during the spawning migration from the White Sea to the Indera River were characterized. At the beginning of the sea-to-river migration, skeletal muscle of female pink salmon showed a significant increase in cathepsin D activity, which plays a major role in muscle protein degradation, without significant quantitative changes in the soluble protein fraction. However, an accumulation of carbonylated proteins, markers of oxidative stress, was observed during the spawning migration of pink salmon. It should be emphasized that the changes described are only characteristic of the white skeletal muscle and no changes were detected in the red muscle (which provides a long swimming effort due to aerobic metabolism) during the spawning migration.

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N. P. Kantserova

Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: nkantserova@yandex.ru

Institute of Biology

Russian Federation, Petrozavodsk

D. A. Efremov

Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: nkantserova@yandex.ru

Institute of Biology

Russian Federation, Petrozavodsk

L. A. Lysenko

Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: nkantserova@yandex.ru

Institute of Biology

Russian Federation, Petrozavodsk

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2. Scheme of the study area during high tide (a) and low tide (b), as well as the locations of catch points (⚪) of pink salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha spawners. River sections: 1 — pre-estuarine, 2 — estuarine, 3 — estuarine; (■) — land; water: (■) — fresh, (■) — salty, (■) — desalinated; (↙) — current direction. Scale: 0.5 km.

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