Mapping of hydrothermal-metasomatic alteration for prediction gold mineralization based on processing a dataset of the Landsat 8 remote sensing spacecraft for the territory of the eastern slope of the Polar Urals

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Abstract

Based on satellite imagery from Landsat 8, an analysis was made of the territories of the eastern slope of the Polar Urals that are promising for identifying gold mineralization (from north to south): Shchuchinsky zone (Yunyaginsky deposit), Toupugol-Khanmeishorsky ore district (Novogodnee-Monto and Petropavlovskoye deposits) and the central part of the Malouralsk zone (Manyukuyu-Vorchatinsky ore cluster). The study was carried out with the aim of identifying similar patterns in the distribution of hydrothermal-metasomatic changes in order to develop a forecast and search criterion (material) for the gold ore type of mineralization. It was found that in areas promising for Au mineralization on the eastern slope of the Polar Urals, intrusions of basic composition should be localized, with which gold mineralization is genetically associated and metasomatic halos of a significant area (more than 30 km2) with increased values of iron (III) oxide indices should be localized. And iron (II) oxide, and to a lesser extent – iron oxides and hydroxides (limonite), as well as hydroxyl-(Al-OH, Mg-OH) and carbonate-containing minerals.

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About the authors

J. N. Ivanova

Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy and Geochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences; RUDN University

Author for correspondence.
Email: jnivanova@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Tectonic scheme of the Ural folded belt (according to State…, 2007): 1 – Late Cambrian and Paleozoic formations of the West Ural structural megazone; 2 – Mesozoic-Cenozoic cover of the West Siberian Plate; 3–9 – East Ural megazone: 3 – Ordovician metamorphosed hyperbasites and gabbroids; 4 – Ordovician-Devonian volcanic and volcanogenic-sedimentary formations; 5 – Middle-Late Ordovician gabbroids and plagiogranitoids of the Khoypei complex; 6 – Early-Middle Devonian diorites and granitoids of the Yunyaginsky and Sobsky complexes; 7 – Early-Middle Devonian gabbroids, diorites and monzonitoids of the Kongor complex; 8 – Middle-Late Devonian granitoids of the Yurmenek and Yanoslor complexes; 9 – boundaries of the study areas: Shchuchya zone (I), Toupugol-Khanmeishor ore region (II), central part of the Maloural zone (III), Manyukuyu-Vorchatinsky ore cluster (IIIa); 10 – GUR; 11 – main rivers and lake; 12 – cities. Yellow stars indicate: Novogodnee-Monto (1), Petropavlovskoye (2) deposits and the Amphibolite ore occurrence (3); number 1 indicates the Rai-Iz massif.

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3. Fig. 2. Schemes of development of secondary mineral associations for the Shchuchinskaya zone, obtained as a result of processing the Landsat 8 spacecraft CS, with lineaments applied to them, identified manually, according to the Landsat 8 spacecraft CS: a - hydroxyl- (Al-OH, Mg-OH) and carbonate-containing, b - ferric iron oxides (hematite), c - iron oxides and hydroxides (limonite), d - divalent iron oxides (magnetite). Concentrations of indicator groups of hydrothermal alterations are shown as colored dots: minimum - yellow, average - orange, and maximum - red. 1-7: deposits (a), ore occurrences (b): 1 - Mo, 2 - Fe, 3 - Au, Au-Fe, 4 - Cu, 5 - Pb-Zn, 6 - As-Mo-Au, 7 - Ti; 8–9 – radial (8) and arc (9) lineaments; 10 – beresitization zone; 11–12 – dikes of basic (11) and acidic (12) composition, removed from the geological map (Zyleva et al., 2014). The Yunyaginskoye deposit is designated by number 1.

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4. Fig. 3. Map of hydrothermal alterations for the Toupugol-Khanmeishor ore region and adjacent territory: a–g – schemes of predominant development of secondary mineral associations correspond to Fig. 2; 1–3 – faults identified during the analysis of the Landsat 8 remote sensing satellite data: 1 – radial; 2 – ring; 3 – arc; 4 – beresitization zone removed from the geological map (Zyleva et al., 2014); 5–6 – deposits and ore occurrences: Petropavlovskoye (1), Novogodneye-Monto (2), Karachentseva (3), Toupugol (4), Karyernoye (5), Tounugolskoye (6), Anomalnoye (7), Khanmeishorskoye (8), Nevidimka (9), Obskoye (10), Malokhanmeyskoye (11), Ev’yeganskoye (12), Ev’yugan’ (13); 7 – main-composition dikes removed from the geological map (Zyleva et al., 2014). Concentrations of indicator groups of hydrothermal alterations are shown as colored dots: minimum – yellow, average – orange, and maximum – red.

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5. Fig. 4. Structures of the Novogodneye-Monto deposit disintegration (samples NM-4 and NM-27): allotriomorphic hematite aggregates replace anhedral magnetite grains in silicified skarn (a), irregular chalcopyrite clusters replace differently oriented acicular hematite crystals and anhedral magnetite and pyrite grains localized in epidote-garnet-pyroxene skarn (b). Legend: Mgt – magnetite, Py – pyrite, Gem – hematite, Chpy – chalcopyrite.

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6. Fig. 5. Map of hydrothermal alterations for the central part of the Malouralskaya zone and adjacent territory, obtained using the Landsat 8 remote sensing satellite: a–g – correspond to Fig. 2: 1–3 – correspond to Fig. 3; 4–7 – deposits (a) and ore occurrences (b): 4 – Cu-Zn-Mo, 5 – Mo-Cu, 6 – Fe-Ti-V-Cu, 7 – Au, 8–9 – dikes of acidic (8) and basic (9) composition, removed from the geological map (Shishkin et al., 2009). Concentrations of indicator groups of hydrothermal alterations are shown as colored dots: minimum – yellow, average – orange, and maximum – red.

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7. Fig. 6. Disintegration structures of the Amphibolite ore occurrence (sample A-973): radial-ray aggregate (fibrous structure) of hematite-2 concentrated in cataclastic eroded pyrite localized in pyroxenite (?) (a), loop structure represented by xenomorphic magnetite edging oval inclusions of sphene (?), xenomorphic inclusions of hematite and ilmenite up to 200 μm are also localized in magnetite, but along the edges of the structure (b). Legend: Mgt – magnetite, Py – pyrite, Gem – hematite, Sph – sphene, Ilm – ilmenite.

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