Clinical and neuroimaging correlations in patients with chronic cerebrovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus

A comprehensive examination was made in 81 patients with chronic cerebrovascular disease (CVD) concurrent with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The patients were divided into 3 groups: 1) patients with mild cognitive impairment (CI) (Study Group 1); 2) patients with moderate CI (Study Group 2); 3) patients without CI (a comparison group). The investigators studied the neuroimaging structure of the brain substance (BS) and the state of the brachiocephalic vessels. The study showed that the morphofunctional changes in the brain were most pronounced in moderate CI Group 2, which confirmed the association between the severity of clinical manifestations of CVD and atherosclerotic lesions of the cerebral vessels and degenerative changes in the BS. Analysis of MMSE and MoCA scores indicated statistically significant differences between the indicators of the comparison group and the study groups, as well as between those of Groups 1 and 2. There were statistically significant differences in the incidence of postischemic subcortical cysts in the brain between Group 2 and the comparison group, as well as between Groups 1 and 2.