Modern approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of patients with stylohyoid syndrome

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Abstract

The article presents a brief review of the literature, as well as the results of our own observations and the results of surgical interventions in patients with a rare and insufficiently studied disease – Eagle’s syndrome or stylohyoid syndrome (SHS). According to modern concepts, the disease is quite rare (in 4% of the population) and is accompanied by chronic orofacial pain syndrome. There are certain difficulties in diagnosing this disease and determining the optimal treatment tactics. The article presents the results of successful surgical treatment of 7 patients with SHS, discusses indications for surgical treatment, and reflects aspects of diagnosis and management of patients.

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About the authors

A. S. Seregin

Samara State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia

Author for correspondence.
Email: as.seregin@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8566-1638

Candidate of Medical Sciences

Russian Federation, Samara

D. A. Trunin

Samara State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: as.seregin@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7221-7976

Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor

Russian Federation, Samara

E. P. Krivoshchekov

Samara State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: as.seregin@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4530-7527

Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor

Russian Federation, Samara

M. N. Dulkina

Samara State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: as.seregin@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0007-8332-9037
Russian Federation, Samara

D. I. Tynyanov

V.D. Seredavin Samara Regional Clinical Hospital

Email: as.seregin@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0004-5688-6469
Russian Federation, Samara

V. I. Pismenny

Samara State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia; Russian Railways Medicine Clinical Hospital

Email: as.seregin@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4684-7955

Candidate of Medical Sciences

Russian Federation, Samara; Samara

References

  1. Badhey A., Jategaonkar A., Anglin Kovacs A.J. et al. Eagle syndrome: A comprehensive review. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2017; 159: 34–8. doi: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2017.04.021
  2. Galletta K., Granata F., Longo M. et al. An unusual internal carotid artery compression as a possible cause of Eagle syndrome – A novel hypothesis and an innovative surgical technique. Surg Neurol Int. 2019; 10: 174. doi: 10.25259/SNI_317_2019
  3. Galletta K., Siniscalchi E.N., Cicciù M. et al. Eagle Syndrome: A Wide Spectrum of Clinical and Neuroradiological Findings from Cervico-Facial Pain to Cerebral Ischemia. J Craniofac Surg. 2019; 30 (5): e424–e428. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000005453
  4. Kubikova E., Varga I. A case of extremely long styloid process without clinical symptoms and complications. Clin Anat. 2009; 22: 865–7. doi: 10.1002/ca.20782
  5. Elmas F., Shrestha B.L. Eagle’s Syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2017; 377: e18. doi: 10.1056/NEJMicm1703542
  6. Eagle W.W., Durham N.C. Elongated styloid processes. Report of two cases. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1937; 25: 584–7. doi: 10.1001/archotol.1937.00650010656008
  7. Arbildo H., Gamarra L., Rojas S. et al. Eagle syndrome. A narrative review. J Oral Res. 2016; 5: 248–54. doi: 10.17126/joralres.2016.054
  8. Montalbetti L., Ferrandi D., Pergami P. et al. Elongated styloid process and Eagle’s syndrome. Cephalalgia. 1995; 15: 80–93. doi: 10.1046/j.1468-2982.1995.015002080.x
  9. Лебедянцев В.В. Шилоподъязычный синдром: топографо-анатомические основы, клиника, диагностика, принципы лечения. Автореф. дис. ... д-ра мед. наук. М., 2004; 44 с. [Lebedyantsev V.V. Shilopod"yazychnyi sindrom: topografo-anatomicheskie osnovy, klinika, diagnostika, printsipy lecheniya. Avtoref. dis. ... d-ra med. nauk. M., 2004; 44 s.i (in Russ.)].

Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
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1. JATS XML
2. Fig. 1. Multispiral computed tomography of patient Zh.: a – coronal projection of the skull (the length of the styloid process is 50 mm), б – 3D reconstruction of the skull of a patient with styloid process hyperplasia

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3. Fig. 2. Removal of the styloid process by submandibular access: a – access to the styloid process; б – skeletonization of the hyperplastic styloid process; в – extraction of the resected formation

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