Laboratory parameters in bacterial pneumonia in HIV-infected patients

Cover Page

Cite item

Full Text

Open Access Open Access
Restricted Access Access granted
Restricted Access Subscription or Fee Access

Abstract

Purpose. To evaluate laboratory parameters in patients with bacterial pneumonia against the background of HIV-infection, depending on the established fact of injection drug use (IDU) by the patient.

Materials and methods. The clinical and immunological data of 224 patients with HIV infection and pneumonia were retrospectively analyzed: Group 1 (n=70) – patients with HIV-infection, with an established etiology of bacterial pneumonia, IDU; Group 2 (n=16) – patients with HIV-infection and pneumonia of unknown etiology, IDU; Group 3 (n=65) – patients with HIV-infection and bacterial pneumonia of unknown etiology, without IDU; Group 4 (n=73) – patients with HIV-infection and bacterial pneumonia of unknown etiology, without IDU.

Results. The immunological manifestations of HIV-infection and bacterial pneumonia are characterized by a decrease in CD4+ and an increase in CD3+- and CD8+-cells, more pronounced in individuals who are not injection drug users; they also have the highest viral load values during the development of pneumonia. Laboratory parameters in patients with HIV-infection with pneumonia were characterized by the absence of leukocytosis and high levels of C-reactive protein. Decreased hemoglobin, platelet levels, and abnormal liver function tests for IDU were typical. During treatment, patients without IDU showed weakly expressed positive trends in changes in laboratory parameters.

Conclusion. When seeking medical help, all patients should undergo an X-ray examination of the lungs, even if changes in laboratory parameters are not pronounced and atypical for inflammation, if doubts arise about the patient’s HIV status.

Full Text

Restricted Access

About the authors

L. V. Puzyreva

Omsk State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia

Author for correspondence.
Email: puzirevalv@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0495-3645
SPIN-code: 8647-3727

Associate Professor, MD

Russian Federation, Omsk

M. V. Balabokhina

Center for Prevention and Control of AIDS and Infectious Diseases

Email: puzirevalv@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5809-8053
SPIN-code: 6475-1442
Russian Federation, Omsk

References

  1. Викторова И.Б., Зимина В.Н., Дадыка И.В. и др. Внебольничные пневмонии у больных ВИЧ-инфекцией. Туберкулез и болезни легких. 2021; 99 (4): 22–8. [Viktorova I.B., Zimina V.N., Dadyka I.V. et al. Community-acquired pneumonia in HIV patients. Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases. 2021; 99 (4): 22–8 (in Russ.)]. doi: 10.21292/2075-1230-2021-99-4-22-28
  2. Cillóniz C., Garcia-Vidal C., Moreno A. et al. Community-acquired bacterial pneumonia in adult HIV-infected patients. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2018; 16 (7): 579–88. doi: 10.1080/14787210.2018.1495560
  3. Каминский Г.Д., Кудлай Д.А., Панова А.Е. и др. Тактика врача при выявлении, диагностике и профилактике сочетанной инфекции ВИЧ и туберкулеза: Практическое руководство. Под ред. И.А. Васильевой. М., 2020; 152 с. [Kaminskiy G.D., Kudlay D.A., Panova А.Е. et al. Tactics of the physician in the detection, diagnosis and prevention of TB/HIV coinfection. Practical guide. I.A. Vasilyeva, eds. Moscow, 2020; 152 p. (in Russ.)].
  4. Пузырева Л.В., Мордык А.В. Овсянников Н.В. Бактериальные пневмонии у ВИЧ-инфицированных пациентов. Эпидемиология и инфекционные болезни. Актуальные вопросы. 2019; 9 (3): 92–8 [Puzyreva L.V., Mordyk A.V. Ovsyannikov N.V. Bacterial pneumonias in HIV-infected patients. Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. Current Items. 2019; 9 (3): 92–8 (in Russ.)]. doi: 10.18565/epidem.2019.9.3.92-8
  5. Lebari D., Rylands J. Long-term care of HIV-positive patients in general practice. Br J Gen Pract. 2019; 69 (685): 407–8. doi: 10.3399/bjgp19X704945
  6. Золотов М.О. Особенности микробиологичеcкого пейзажа возбудителей пневмонии у ВИЧ-инфицированных пациентов. Методы профилактики инфекционных поражений легких у иммунокомпрометированных пациентов (обзор литературы). Аспирантский вестник Поволжья. 2019; 19 (5-6): 109–15 [Zolotov M.O. Peculiarities of bacterial agents of pneumonia in HIV-infected patients. Preventive measures for pulmonary infections in immunocompromised patients (literature review). Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2019; 19 (5-6): 109–15 (in Russ.)]. doi: 10.17816/2072-2354.2019.19.3.109-115
  7. Chinnapaiyan S., Parira T., Dutta R. еt al. HIV Infects Bronchial Epithelium and Suppresses Components of the Mucociliary Clearance Apparatus. PLoS One. 2017; 12 (1): e0169161. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169161
  8. Войцеховский В.В., Коржова Н.В., Гоборов Н.Д. и др. Поражение легких у больных с наркотической зависимостью. Бюллетень физиологии и патологии дыхания. 2018; 68: 79–91 [Voytsekhovskiy V.V., Korzhova N.V., Goborov N.D. et al. Lung damage in patients with narcotic dependence. Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration. 2018; 68: 79–91 (in Russ.)]. doi: 10.12737/article_5b19d77f5e9a60.82681424
  9. Бородулина Е.А., Вдоушкина Е.С., Бородулин Б.Е. и др. ВИЧ-инфекция и внебольничная пневмония. Причины смерти. ВИЧ-инфекция и иммуносупрессии. 2019; 11 (1): 56–63 [Borodulina E.A., Vdoushkina E.S., Borodulin B.E. et al. HIV-infection and community-acquired pneumonia. Causes of death. HIV Infection and Immunosuppressive Disorders. 2019; 11(1): 56–63 (in Russ.)]. doi: 10.22328/2077-9828-2019-11-1-56-63
  10. Беляков Н.А., Рассохин В.В., Трофимова Т.Н. и др. Коморбидные и тяжелые формы ВИЧ-инфекции в России. ВИЧ-инфекция и иммуносупрессии. 2016; 8 (3): 9–25 [Belyakov N.A., Rassokhin V.V., Trofimova T.N. et al. Advanced and comorbid HIV cases in Russia. HIV Infection and Immunosuppressive Disorders. 2016; 8 (3): 9–25 (in Russ.)]. doi: 10.22328/2077-9828-2016-8-3-9-25
  11. Жестков А.В., Золотов М.О., Каданцева Е.В. и др. Иммунологические аспекты вакцинации ВИЧ-инфицированных пациентов. Инфекция и иммунитет. 2023; 13 (6): 1192–6 [Zhestkov A.V., Zolotov M.O., Kadantseva E.V. et al. Immunological aspects of vaccination in HIV-infected patients. Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity. 2023; 13 (6): 1192–6 (in Russ.)]. doi: 10.15789/2220-7619-IAO-9640
  12. Чучалин А.Г., Брико Н.И., Авдеев С.Н. и др. Федеральные клинические рекомендации по вакцинопрофилактике пневмококковой инфекции у взрослых. Пульмонология. 2019; 29 (1): 19–34 [Chuchalin A.G., Briko N.I., Avdeev S.N. et al. Federal Clinical Guidelines on Preventive Vaccination Against Pneumococcal infections in Adults. Pulmonology. 2019; 29 (1): 19–34 (in Russ.)]. doi: 10.18093/0869-0189-2019-29-1-19-34
  13. Калашникова Д.В., Мордык А.В., Пузырева Л.В. Факторы риска неблагоприятного исхода ВИЧ-инфекции, ассоциированной с цитопенией. Journal of Siberian Medical Sciences. 2023; 7 (2): 7–16 [Kalashnikova D.V., Mordyk A.V., Puzyreva L.V. Risk factors for unfavorable outcome of HIV infection associated with cytopenia. Journal of Siberian Medical Sciences. 2023; 7 (2): 7–16 (in Russ.)]. doi: 10.31549/2542-1174-2023-7-2-7-16

Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
Action
1. JATS XML
Download

Copyright (c) 2025 Russkiy Vrach Publishing House