RISK FACTORS FOR PATHOLOGICAL WEIGHT GAIN DURING PREGNANCY


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Abstract

Objective. To elucidate risk factors for pathological weight gain during pregnancy. Subject and methods. A cohort study was conducted in 518 women with full-term singleton pregnancies without evidence of diabetes mellitus and severe somatic disease. It comprised conventional clinical and laboratory studies, additionally questionnairing in each trimester of pregnancy, and biochemical and hormonal blood tests (determination of a lipidogram, glucose and insulin levels, and Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA) index). Results. The risk for pathological weigh gains significantly increases in baseline lipid metabolic disturbances (p=0.000), secundiparas (p=0.018), incomplete weight reduction after previous delivery (p=0.026), ex-smokers (p=0.038), and gross violation of healthy nutrition standards. The physical activity in pregnancy is unrelated to gestational weight gain (p>0.05). An analysis has shown that the patients are unaware of a recommended weight gain, in this connection they do not always adhere to the normal values. The results of biochemical and hormonal examinations are indicative of the secondary pattern of metabolic changes in abnormal weigh gains. Conclusion. Pathological weight gain during pregnancy is mainly due to women’s inadequate eating behaviors. Preventive measures must be to normalize pregravid weight, to adequately lose weight after previous delivery, to inform a pregnant woman about the physiological weight gain value and the necessity of quitting smoking as soon as possible, and to compulsorily correct her eating behavior during pregnancy.

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About the authors

V. N POKUSAYEVA

Smolensk State Medical Academy

Email: vita.pokusaeva@yandex.ru

N. K NIKIFOROVSKY

Smolensk State Medical Academy

Email: nk.nikiforovsky@yandex.ru

E. M MARINOVICHEVA

Clinical Emergency Medical Care Hospital, Smolensk

E. N NIKIFOROVSKAYA

Smolensk State Medical Academy

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