MicroRNA expression in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cancer of the cervix uteri


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Abstract

The review considers the role of microRNA in precancer and cancer of the cervix uteri (CCU). Today there are a lot of studies showing the increased or decreased expression of certain microRNAs in the body’s pathological processes, including in benign and malignant cell and tissue hyperplasias. Neoplastic transformation of normal tissues of the cervix uteri to cervical neoplasia of various grades and CCU is accompanied by a change in the expression profile of more than 50 microRNAs that control the processes of cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, migration, and local angiogenesis. Estimation of the expression level of individual microRNAs in the affected tissue can highly effectively differentiate the early stages of cervical neoplasia from normal tissue and cervical cancer from precancer states; quantification of microRNA in the cervical canal scrapes or blood can characterize disease severity, CCU progression to a metastasis stage, an aggressive disease course, and poor survival prognosis. The expression level of certain microRNAs may serve as a marker for the efficiency of disease therapy. That of microRNA allows evaluation of the efficacy of novel drugs in treating CCU; synthetic microRNA-based molecules open up new possibilities of targeted therapy for both precancers and cancers.

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About the authors

Leonid Zakievich Faizullin

Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: l_faizullin@oparina4.ru
MD, Molecular-genetic Laboratory Researcher

Vitaliy Nikolaevich Karnaukhov

Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

junior researcher of Molecular-genetic Laboratory

Guranda Merabovna Mzarelua

Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: mzareluag@mail.ru
PhD student

Viktoriya Fedorovna Chernova

Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: cernovav@mail.ru
PhD student

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