ABNORMAL WEIGHT GAIN AS A FACTOR IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS


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Abstract

Objective. To study the role of abnormal weight gain (AWG) during pregnancy as a risk factor for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), by performing a meta-analysis. Materials and methods. To solve the set problem, literature data from the leading bibliographic sources MEDLINE, Cochrane col., and EMBASE were analyzed. The WHO guidelines and the revised criteria of the Institute of Medicine (IOM, 2009) were used to estimate body mass index (BMI) and normal weight gain during pregnancy. The incidence of GDM was separately assessed for each of three groups of BMI indicators in terms of normal weight gain. The indicators were estimated by performing a meta-analysis using the Review Manager 5.3 (Cochrane col.). Results. 13 investigations meeting the search criteria were selected for analysis. A total of 85,559 pregnant women were examined. The odds ratiofor a GDMrisk in AWGfor the normal BMIgroup was established to be 1.67(95% CI, 1.28-2.18) (χ2 = 32.1; р = 0.001), that for the baseline overweight group was 2.13 (95% CI, 1.47-3.11) (χ2 = 24.9; р = 0.009), and that for the obesity group was 2.0 (95% CI, 1.53-2.63). Conclusion. A WG during pregnancy is an importantfactor in the development of GDM. The performed investigation allows pregnant women with AWG to be identified as a group at high risk for carbohydrate metabolic disturbances. Timely detecting AWG and more carefully following the balanced diet and exercise recommendations in such patients will be able to reduce the incidence of GDM and related perinatal complications.

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About the authors

Roman Victorovich Kapustin

D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology

Email: Kapustin.Roman@gmail.com
PhD, doctor, Department of pathology of pregnancy 199034, Russia, Saint-Petersburg, Mendeleevskaya liniya 3

Olga Nikolaevna Arzhanova

D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology; Saint Petersburg State University

Email: arjanova_olga@mail.ru
MD, Professor, Head of the Department of Pathology of pregnancy 199034, Russia, Saint-Petersburg, Mendeleevskaya liniya 3

Olesya Nikolaevna Bespalova

D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology

Email: shiggerra@mail.ru
MD, Main Senior Researcher, Department of Pathology of pregnancy 199034, Russia, Saint-Petersburg, Mendeleevskaya liniya 3

Vladimir Stepanovich Pakin

D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology

Email: pakins@list.ru
postgraduate 199034, Russia, Saint-Petersburg, Mendeleevskaya liniya 3

Eduard Karpovich Ailamazyan

D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology

MD, Professor 199034, Russia, Saint-Petersburg, Mendeleevskaya liniya 3

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