Current antiviral therapy for genital herpes in non-pregnant and pregnant women


Cite item

Full Text

Open Access Open Access
Restricted Access Access granted
Restricted Access Subscription or Fee Access

Abstract

The paper determines the current features of antiviral therapy for genital herpes (GH) in non-pregnant and pregnant women and provides their clinical rationale. It is now recommended to increase the duration of acyclic nucleoside therapy for f irst-episode GH up to 10 days, by reducing the frequency of daily use and by choosing a drug with improved pharmacological characteristics (valacyclovir). Valacyclovir treatment for recurrences is performed within 3 days; suppressive therapy is done once daily. Such strategies are more convenient and cost-effective and should be considered as first-line options. The duration of antiviral therapy during pregnancy depends on the gestational age. The update of recommendations for antiviral therapy for GH is aimed at improving the compliance with GH treatment and its clinical efficiency.

Full Text

Restricted Access

About the authors

Galina B. Dikke

F.I. Inozemtsev Academy of Medical Education

Email: galadikke@yandex.ru
doctor of medical sciences, associate professor, Professor of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology with a course of reproductive medicine

Tamara N. Bebneva

Peoples' Friendship University of Russia

Email: bebn@mail.ru
Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Training for Medical Professionals

References

  1. Bernstein D.I., Beiiamy A.R., Hook E.W., Levin M.J., Waid A., Ewell M.G. et al. Epidemiology, clinical presentation, and antibody response to primary infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in young women. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2013; 56(3): 344-51.
  2. Looker K.J., Magaret A., Turner K.M.E., Vickerman P., Gottlieb S.L., Newman L.M. Global estimates of prevalent and incident herpes simplex virus type 2 infections in 2012. PloS One. 2015; 10(1): e114989.
  3. Ryder N., Jin F., McNulty A.M., Gruiich A.E., Donovan B. Increasing role of herpes simplex virus type 1 in first-episode anogenital herpes in heterosexual women and younger men who have sex with men, 1992-2006. Sex. Transm. Infect. 2009; 85(6): 416-9.
  4. Looker K.J., Magaret A., May M.T., Turner K.M., Vickerman P., Gottlieb S.L. et al. Global and regional estimates of prevalent and incident herpes simplex virus type 1 infections in 2012. PloS One. 2015; 10(10): e0140765.
  5. Летяева О.И., Зиганшин О.Р., Кудревич Ю.В., Гизингер О.А. Генитальный герпес: современная концепция терапии. РМЖ. 2015; 23(28): 1701-4.
  6. McQuillan G., Kruszon-Moran D., Flagg E.W., Pauiose-Ram R. Prevalence of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in persons aged 14-49: United States, 2015-2016. NCHS Data Brief. No 304, February 2018. Available at: https:// www.cdc.gov/
  7. Thurman A.R., Doncel G.F. Herpes simplex virus and HIV: genital infection synergy and novel approaches to dual prevention. Int. J. STD AIDS. 2012; 23(9): 613-9.
  8. Barnabas R.V., Celum C. Infectious co-factors in HIV-1 transmission herpes simplex virus type-2 and HIV-1: new insights and interventions. Curr. HIV Res. 2012; 10(3): 228-37.
  9. WHO Guidelines for the treatment of genital herpes simplex virus. Department of Reproductive Health and Research. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2016. 47р. Available at: http://apps.who.int/
  10. Tronstein E., Johnston C., Huang M.L., Seike S., Magaret A., Warren T. et al. Genital shedding of herpes simplex virus among symptomatic and asymptomatic persons with HSV-2 infection. JAMA. 2011; 305(14): 1441-9.
  11. Workowski K.A., Boian G.A.; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines, 2015. MMWR Recomm. Rep. 2015; 64(RR-03): 1-137. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/
  12. Chan T., Barra N.G., Lee A.J., Ashkar A.A. Innate and adaptive immunity against herpes simplex virus type 2 in the genital mucosa. J. Reprod. Immunol. 2011; 88(2): 210-8.
  13. Chew T., Taylor K.E., Mossman K.L. Innate and adaptive immune responses to herpes simplex virus. Viruses. 2009; 1(3): 979-1002.
  14. Patel R., Green J., Clarke E., Seneviratne K., Abbt N., Evans C. et al. 2014 UK national guideline for the management of anogenital herpes. Int. J. STD AIDS. 2015; 26(11): 763-76.
  15. Федеральные клинические рекомендации по ведению больных генитальным герпесом. М.: Российское общество дерматовенерологов и косметологов; 2015. 13с.
  16. Sawleshwarkar S., Dwyer D.E. Antivirals for herpes simplex viruses. BMJ. 2015; 351: h3350.
  17. Hesiop R., Roberts H., Flower D., Jordan V. Interventions for men and women with their first episode of genital herpes. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2016; (8): CD010684.
  18. US Food and Drug Administration. Zovirax (acyclovir product information). GlaxoSmithKline; 2005. Available at: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov.
  19. US Food and Drug Administration. Valtrex (valacyclovir product information), GlaxoSmithKline; 2008. Available at: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/
  20. Hayden F.G. Antiviral agents (Non-Retroviral). In: Bruton L.L., Lazo J.S., Parker K.L., eds. Goodman and Gilmans - the pharmacological basis of therapeutics.11th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2006: 1243-71.
  21. US Food and Drug Administration. Famvir (famciclovir product information). Novartis; 2009. Available at: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov.
  22. Wald A., Seike S., Warren T., Aoki F.Y., Sacks S., Diaz-Mitoma F., Corey L. Comparative efficacy of famciclovir and valacyclovir for suppression of recurrent genital herpes and viral shedding. Sex. Transm. Dis. 2006; 33(9): 529-33.
  23. Rajalakshmi R., Kumari R., Thappa D.M. Acyclovir versus valacyclovir. Indian J. Dermatol. Venereol. Leprol. 2010; 76(4): 439-44.
  24. Johnston C., Saracino M., Kuntz S., Magaret A., Selke S., Huang M. et al. Ineffectiveness of daily standard and high-dose antiviral therapy in preventing short episodes of genital HSV-2 reactivation: three randomized, open-label cross-over trials. Lancet. 2012; 379(9816): 641-7.
  25. Bartlett B.L., Tyring S.K., Fife K., Gnann J.W. Jr., Hadala J.T., Kianifard F. et al. Famciclovir treatment options for patients with frequent outbreaks of recurrent genital herpes: the RELIEF trial. J. Clin. Virol. 2008; 43(2): 190-5.
  26. Reitano M., Tyring S., Lang W., Thoming C., Worm A.M., Borelli S. et al. Valaciclovir for the suppression of recurrent genital herpes simplex virus infection: a large-scale dose range-finding study. International Valaciclovir HSV Study Group. J. Infect. Dis. 1998; 178(3): 603-10.
  27. Corey L., Wald A., Patel R., Sacks S.L., Tyring S.K., Warren T. et al. Once-daily valacyclovir to reduce the risk of transmission of genital herpes. N. Engl. J. Med. 2004; 350(1): 11-20.
  28. World Health Organization. Multisource (generic) pharmaceutical products: guidelines on registration requirements to establish interchangeability. Working document QAS/04.093/Rev.4, October 2005. Geneva: WHO; 2005. 39р. Available at: http://www.who.int/
  29. Международная ассоциация специалистов в области инфекций (МАСОИ). Простой герпес у взрослых. Клинические рекомендации. М.; 2016. 44с.
  30. Хрянин А.А., Решетников О.В. Индукторы интерферона в терапии генитального герпеса у женщин. Акушерство и гинекология. 2015; 7: 88-93.
  31. ACOG Committee on Practice Bulletins. ACOG Practice Bulletin. Clinical management guidelines for obstetrician-gynecologists. No. 82 June 2007. Management of herpes in pregnancy. Obstet. Gynecol. 2007; 109(6): 1489-98.
  32. Palasanthiran P., Starr M., Jones C., Giles M. Management of perinatal infections. Australasian Society for Infectious Diseases. Inc. Sydney; 2014. 88р.
  33. Hollier L.M., Wendel D. Third trimester antiviral prophylaxis for preventing maternal genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) recurrences and neonatal herpes. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2008; (1): CD004946.
  34. Briggs G.C., Freeman R.K. Drugs in pregnancy and lactation. A reference guide to fetal and neonatal risk. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer Health; 2015.
  35. Kang S.H., Chua-Gocheco A., Bozzo P., Einarson A. Safety of antiviral medication for the treatment of herpes during pregnancy. Can. Fam. Physician. 2011; 57(4): 427-8.
  36. Genital Herpes Simplex (HSV) Infection in Pregnancy. Clinical guideline. South Australian Maternal, Neonatal & Gynaecology Community of Practice; 2017. 13р. Available at: http://www.sahealth.sa.gov.au/
  37. Guidelines for the Management of Herpes Simplex Virus in Pregnancy. SOGC clinical practice guideline. 2008; 208: 514-9. Available at: https://sogc.org

Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
Action
1. JATS XML

This website uses cookies

You consent to our cookies if you continue to use our website.

About Cookies