Therapeutic opportunities of extracellular vesicles in reproductive medicine


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Abstract

Diminished ovarian reserve is an urgent problem of reproductive medicine. Currently, there are no scientifically based and proven methods for solving the problem. One of the promising directions in this area may be the use of extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by the cells of structures that have a high biological activity due to different molecules entering into their composition. From the point of view of therapeutic effects, EVs derived from the mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) of different origins deserve attention. The use of MSC-EVs is currently being actively explored in different fields of regenerative medicine. According to the literature, the administration of MSC-EVs in animal models with ovarian insuff iciency could increase the ovarian reserve, reproductive potential, and the effectiveness of assisted reproductive technologies programs. The use of MSC-EVs in medicine is limited by a small number of studies, the insufficient duration of an observation of the models treated with this method, and by the study of possible side effects. Conclusion. Taking into account the promising results of utilizing MSC-EVs in different f ields of regenerative medicine and the data available in the literature on the possibility of increasing the ovarian reserve and improving the reproductive potential with MSC-EVs in the animal models, this method may be a promising treatment in patients with a low reproductive potential and ovarian insufficiency.

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About the authors

Elizaveta E. Kraevaya

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: e_kraevaya@oparina4.ru
Researcher at the Department of Assisted Technologies for the Treatment of Infertility

Natalya P. Makarova

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: np_makarova@oparina4.ru
Dr. Bio. Sci., Leading Researcher at the Department of Assisted Reproductive Technologies in the Treatment of Infertility

Anastasia P. Sysoeva

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: a_sysoeva@oparina4.ru
embryologist at the Department of Assisted Reproductive Technologies in the Treatment of Infertility

Elena A. Kalinina

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: e_kalinina@oparina4.ru
Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Head of the Department of Assisted Technologies for the Treatment of Infertility, Scientific Secretary of the Dissertation Council

Denis N. Silachev

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: d_silachev@oparina4.ru
Dr. Bio. Sci., Head of the Cell Technologies Laboratory

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