HLA-G expression in patients with missed miscarriages and a normal embryonic karyotype


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Abstract

The HLA-G gene has central functions in the processing and presentation of antigen, inhibits the NK-cell receptor (KIR2DL4, killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor-2 DL4), resulting in reduced immune response at the maternal-fetal interface and providing maternal tolerance of fetal tissues. Based on this, many experimental studies have investigated the expression of the HLA-Ggene and its impact on the risk of pregnancy complications, such as early recurrent miscarriage, where immunological factors are believed to play a critical role. Objective: To investigate the expression of HLA-Gand KIR2DL4receptors in abortion materialfrom women with missed miscarriages (with normal fetal karyotype and polyploidy) and women with normal ongoing pregnancy (with induced abortion). Materials and methods: The study analyzed 115 samples of abortion material in two study groups with missed miscarriages (group 1 with 36 samples with normal fetal karyotype, group 2 with 35 samples with fetal karyotype by polyploidy type) and a control group with induced abortion ( group 3 with 44 samples with normal fetal karyotype). The samples were analyzed using cytogenetic and morphological (histological, immunohistochemical, and morphometric) methods. Results: An immunohistochemical analysis verified the expression of HLA-G in extravillous trophoblast cells and the expression of KIR2DL4 in chorionic villi (in cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast), in the glands, stroma, and superficial epithelium of the gravid endometrium in samples from women with and without missed miscarriages. In samples from women with missed miscarriages, the expression of HLA-G was statistically significantly lower than in the control group [37.7 (9.9), 36.4 (8.4), and 67.1 (5.6) in groups 1, 2, and control groups, respectively, p <0.001]. Conclusion: Patients with missed miscarriages had significantly lower HLA-G expression in the chorionic villus structures than patients in the control group. These findings suggest a role for HLA-G in pregnancy progression.

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About the authors

Margarita O. Bakleicheva

D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Email: bakleicheva@gmail.com
Junior Researcher

Olesya N. Bespalova

D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Email: shiggerra@mail.ru
Dr. Med. Sci., Deputy Director for Research

Tatiana E. Ivashchenko

D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Email: tivashchenko20ii@mail.ru
Dr. Bio. Sci., Professor, Leading Researcher of the Department of Genomic Medicine

Tatiana G. Tral

D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Email: ttg.tral@yandex.ru
MD, PhD, Pathologist, Senior Researcher at the Laboratory of Morphology, Head of the Department of Anatomic Pathology

Gulrukhsor Kh. Tolibova

D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Email: gulyatolibova@yandex.ru
Dr. Med. Sci., Leading Researcher, Head of the Laboratory of Immunohistochemistry and Morphology

Andrey V. Tikhonov

D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Email: tixonov5790@gmail.com
PhD, Researcher at the Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Cytogenomics of Reproduction

Lyubov I. Petrova

D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Laboratory Assistant at the Medical Genetic Center

Vem S. Dudkina

D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Laboratory Assistant at the Medical Genetic Center

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