Analysis of HLA class I gene (G) polymorphic alleles in pregnant women in the North-West Region of the Russian Federation

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Abstract

Background: The HLA class I system controls the interaction of all immunocompetent cells of the body and determines the recognition of its own and foreign (including altered own) cells, by triggering and realizing an immune response: during the implantation process, in the transplantation of foreign organs and tissues, in autoimmune diseases, and in the development of cancers. Thus, the data available in the world and Russian literature have demonstrated the ability of protein products of HLA-G gene expression to modulate the proliferation of immune system cells, as well as the strength and specificity of the immune response.

Objective: To conduct a molecular biological study of nine HLA-G gene polymorphic alleles in the group of pregnant women in the first trimester and in the population of the North-West Region of the Russian Federation and to identify the relationship to their family obstetric history.

Materials and methods. In 2019 to 2022, the D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology (Saint Petersburg) examined DNA samples from 180 dwellers in the North-West Region of the Russian Federation. Group 1 consisted of 33 pregnant women with reproductive disorders (one or more miscarriages, non-developing pregnancy, ART failures); Group 2 (control) included 29 pregnant women without their family obstetric history; a comparison group comprised 118 people from the population of the North-West Region of the Russian Federation, in which the investigators carried out an associative analysis of HLA-G gene polymorphic alleles (725*C/G, 3741*ins/del 14 bp) and HLA-G*01 alleles (01, G*01:02, G*01:03, G*01:04, G*01:05N, G*01:06 and G*01:07).

Results: The analysis of 3741*ins/del 14 bp polymorphism showed that the Del/Del genotype frequency was 13/33 (39.40%) in pregnant women with a history of reproductive losses, 5/29 (17.24%) in the control group; p = 0.052), and the allele Ins was detected 1,4 times more often in the group without a family obstetric history (20/33 (60.6%) and 24/29 (82.8%), respectively; p=0.056). According to the calculated odds ratio, the carriers of the combined Del/Del and C/C genotype were detected 9 times more frequently among patients with a history of reproductive losses compared to the controls (OR=8.96, CI 1.05;76.74). In Group 1, the HLA-G*01:05N allele was noted to be detected 3.5 times more often than in the population sample.

Conclusion: The findings may judge an association between HLA-G gene alleles and a family obstetric history and may be important in assessing the risk of early reproductive losses and in developing new prevention and treatment strategies for this pregnancy complication.

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About the authors

Margarita O. Shengelia

D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology

Author for correspondence.
Email: bakleicheva@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0103-8583

Junior Researcher

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Olesya N. Bespalova

D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology

Email: shiggerra@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6542-5953

Dr. Med Sci., Deputy Director for Research

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Tatyana E. Ivashchenko

D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology

Email: tivashchenko2011@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8549-6505

Dr. Dio. Sci., Professor, Leading Researcher at the Medical Genetic Center (Department of Genomic Medicine)

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Nadezhda I. Frank

D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology

Email: ncotta@mail.ru

nurse at the Medical Genetic Center

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Iskender Yu. Sultanov

D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology

Email: bakleicheva@gmail.com

Laboratory Assistant-Researcher at the Laboratory of Genomics with a Group of Bioresource Collections

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Yulia A. Nasykhova

D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology

Email: yulnasa@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3543-4963

Ph.D. (Bio), Head of the Genomics with a Group of Bioresource Collections

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Andrey S. Glotov

D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology

Email: anglotov@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7465-4504

Dr. Bio. Sci., Head of the Medical Genetic Center

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

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