Extracellular vesicles derived from multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells: pathogenetic rationale for therapeutic use

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Abstract

The article presents a review of scientific studies of modern views on folliculogenesis and its regulation. The review covers the possibilities and prospects for the use of cell therapy in reproductive medicine, as well as possible mechanisms of influence of stem cells and their extracellular vesicles on the mechanisms of follicle recruitment. The prospects of using targeted agents in the treatment of primary ovarian insufficiency are explained by the fact that most of the ovarian primordial follicles remain dormant and inactive throughout a woman’s life. The experimental studies made it possible to identify the main signaling pathways involved in the regulation of early folliculogenesis and oogenesis. After studying the regulation of the activity of the key signaling pathways, it will be possible to develop targets in order to influence the gonadotropin-independent phase of follicle growth and to prevent such disorders of the reproductive system as primary ovarian insufficiency and age-associated decrease in the quality and quantity of oocytes.

The article presents the analysis of the literature data and describes the possible mechanisms of the effect of cell therapy on the ovarian reserve. The review includes the data of foreign articles published in databases eLibrary.ru and PubMed on this issue.

Conclusion: The presented information on the ways of influence of extracellular vesicles shows the prospects for the treatment of infertility in the complex patient population. It is necessary to continue research into the mechanisms of functioning and application of extracellular vesicles for expanding therapeutic options.

 

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About the authors

Yana O. Martirosyan

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Centre for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Author for correspondence.
Email: marti-yana@yandex.ru

PhD, obstetrician-gynecologist at Scientific and Clinical Department named after F. Paulsen

Russian Federation, 117997, Moscow, Ac. Oparin str., 4

Albina I. Kadaeva

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Centre for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: albina.karimovai@mail.ru

postgraduate student in obstetrics and gynecology

Russian Federation, 117997, Moscow, Ac. Oparin str., 4

Denis N. Silachev

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Centre for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: silachevdn@genebee.msu.ru

Dr. Bio. Sci., Head of the Laboratory of Cell Technologies

Russian Federation, 117997, Moscow, Ac. Oparin str., 4

Tatiana A. Nazarenko

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Centre for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: t_nazarenko@oparina4.ru

Professor, Dr. Med. Sci., Director of the Institute of Reproductive Medicine

Russian Federation, 117997, Moscow, Ac. Oparin str., 4

Polina V. Matveeva

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Email: polina.matveeva00@gmail.ru

Student

Russian Federation, 119048, Moscow, Trubetskaya str., 8/2

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