Features of the profile of serum autoantibodies to reproductive hormones and steroidogenic enzymes in patients with endometriosis-related infertility and infertile patients without endometriosis

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Female infertility is a pressing issue in reproductive medicine, marked by a rising number of patients and increased need for assisted reproductive technologies (ART). There is a well-established association between infertility and endometriosis, which is characterized by a diverse repertoire of autoantibodies, including those against hormones.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the profiles of autoantibodies to reproductive hormones and steroidogenic enzymes in patients with endometriosis-associated infertility and those without endometriosis.

Materials and methods: We used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to determine serum antibodies to steroid and gonadotropic hormones, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), and steroidogenic enzymes (21-hydroxylase, aromatase, and cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme) in patients with endometriosis-associated infertility (group 1, n=44) and those without endometriosis (group 2, n=44) prior to ART cycles.

Results: Group 1 exhibited a high detection rate of IgG antibodies to estradiol, progesterone, and aromatase (>20%), while group 2 showed a high detection rate of IgG antibodies to FSH and AMH (>30%). When comparing the two groups, IgG antibodies to estradiol were detected more frequently in group 1, whereas IgG antibodies to AMH were more prevalent in group 2. IgG antibodies to hormones and steroidogenic enzymes were detected in 9 of 10 women with reduced ovarian reserves.

Conclusion: The identified features of the autoantibody profile can improve the efficiency of diagnostics, facilitate personalized therapy prescriptions, and optimize ART programs. Prospective studies are necessary to assess the impact of autoantibodies on reproductive outcomes and explore effective immunosuppressive and immunotherapies.

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作者简介

Irina Menzhinskaya

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: i_menzinskaya@oparina4.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5385-0370

Dr. Med. Sci., Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology

俄罗斯联邦, 4, Oparina str., Moscow, 117997

Daria Ermakova

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Email: d_ermakova@oparina4.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8558-4687

PhD, Researcher, Center for Scientific and Clinical Research, Obstetrician-Gynecologist, Department of Gynecological Endocrinology

俄罗斯联邦, 4, Oparina str., Moscow, 117997

Stanislav Pavlovich

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Email: s_pavlovich@oparina4.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1313-7079

PhD, Academic Secretary

俄罗斯联邦, 4, Oparina str., Moscow, 117997

Nataliya Dolgushina

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Email: n_dolgushina@oparina4.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1116-138X

Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Deputy Director for Science

俄罗斯联邦, 4, Oparina str., Moscow, 117997

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2. Fig. 1. The total frequency of detection of serum autoantibodies (M, G) to steroid hormones (estradiol (E) and progesterone (PG)), steroidogenic enzymes (SGF), FSH and AMH in patients with endometriosis-associated infertility (group 1) and without endometriosis (group 2). *p<0.05 when compared with antibodies to GGF and AMH

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3. Fig. 2. Individual profiles of serum autoantibodies of classes M and G in 5 patients with endometriosis (A) and without endometriosis (Б)

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4. Fig. 3. Correlations between the levels of serum autoantibodies of classes M and G to steroidogenic enzymes (CYP11A1, CYP19A1, CYP21A2), steroid hormones (estradiol (E), progesterone (PG)), FSH and AMH in patients with endometriosis (A) and without endometriosis (Б). *p<0.05

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