Determination of the efficiency of a plowing unit with an electro-hydraulic control system of working bodies

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: When performing plowing operations with modern tractor units equipped with automatic control systems for hitches, various methods of regulating the depth of soil cultivation are used. The main attention should be paid to compliance with agricultural requirements and fuel consumption reduction. However, there is no integrated numerical criterion for joint assessment of these technological process parameters, helping to justify a reasonable regulation method.

AIMS: Development the integral criterion for assessment of the efficiency of plowing unit operation and selection of a reasonable method for adjusting the depth of cultivation for specific soil conditions.

METHODS: Mathematical modeling of a plowing unit including the Belarus 1523 tractor with an electro-hydraulic system for controlling the hitch and with the PLN-4-35 four-furrow mounted plow.

RESULTS: When using the positional method of adjusting the soil cultivation depth, the total fuel consumption per shift is mp = 28.18 kg with a variation of the cultivation depth Va = 9.99%, when using the power method — mp = 29.74 kg and Va = 5.25%, when using the height method — mp = 29.78 kg and Va = 3.23%, and when using combined methods of adjustment, such as positional-power or height-power, the fuel consumption is mp = 28.94 kg, Va = 5.01% and mp = 29.58 kg, Va = 2.63% respectively.

CONCLUSIONS: The comparative analysis of the research results shows that, given the force and kinematic disturbances from the soil on the plowing unit, the preferred method of adjusting the soil cultivation depth is the height-force method with a mixing coefficient of α = 0.5. With this method, the value of the integral criterion is respectively 1.4 and 1.2 times lower than with force and height adjustment methods.

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About the authors

Leanid D. Belchik

The Joint Institute of Mechanical Engineering of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus

Email: leonbel59@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0009-5156-7385
SPIN-code: 8436-1736

Associate Professor, Cand. Sci. (Tech.), Leading Researcher of the R&D Center “Onboard Control Systems of Mobile Machines”

Belarus, 12 Akademicheskaya street, 220072 Minsk

Anton A. Ananchikov

The Joint Institute of Mechanical Engineering of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus

Author for correspondence.
Email: anton0ananchikov@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0001-2598-0119
SPIN-code: 5865-6037

Cand. Sci. (Tech.), Head of the of Electrohydraulic Control Systems Department of the R&D Center “Onboard Control Systems of Mobile Machines”

Belarus, 12 Akademicheskaya street, 220072 Minsk

References

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. The scheme of layout of components of the electro-hydraulic control system for a hitch on a plowing unit: 1 — a control panel; 2 — a force sensor; 3 — a power hydraulic cylinder; 4 — a hydraulic block; 5 — a pump; 6 — a hitch; 7 — a controller; 8 — a hydraulic tank; 9 — a non-contact position sensor; 10 — a soil cultivation tool; 11 — an ultrasonic distance sensor.

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3. Fig. 2. Block diagram of the electro-hydraulic control system for a tractor hitch.

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4. Fig. 3. Principle hydraulic diagram of the electrically controlled regulator.

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5. Fig. 4. General dynamic model of a plowing unit with the electro-hydraulic drive for a tractor hitch.

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6. Fig. 5. Design diagram of the electro-hydraulic drive for a hitch.

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7. Fig. 6. Time-domain changing the depth of soil cultivation using various adjustment method: a — the positional method; b — the power method; c — the positional-power method (α = 0,5); d — the height-power method (α = 0,5).

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8. Fig. 7. Skidding of the plowing unit at various methods of adjusting soil cultivation depth: a — the positional method; b — the power method; c — the positional-power method (α = 0,5); d — the height-power method (α = 0,5).

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