On the refined stress analysis in the applied elasticity problems accounting of gradient effects

The paper proposes an extension of the approaches of gradient elasticity of deformable media, which consists in using the fundamental property of solutions of the gradient theory - ​the smoothing of singular solutions of the classical theory of elasticity, converting them into a regular class not only for the problems of micromechanics, where the length scale parameter is of the order of the material‘s characteristic size, but for “macromechanical” problems. In these problems, the length scale parameter, as a rule, can be found from the macro-experiments or numerical experiments and does note have an extremely small values. It is shown, by attracting numerical three-dimensional modeling, that even one-dimensional gradient solutions make it possible to clarify the stress distribution in the constrained zones of the body and in the area of the loads application. It is shown that additional length scale parameters of the gradient theory are related with specific boundary effects and can be associated with structural geometric parameters and loading conditions that determine the features of the classical three-dimensional solution.