Towards а design of new generation digital seismic seabed seismographs – current state and future outlook

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Abstract

The paper presents the comparative characteristics of self-pop-up digital seabed seismometers that have been developed since the early 2000s. The requirements for the main technical characteristics that should be considered for developing the new-generation of self-pop-up seabed seismometers have been proposed. The microcontroller and reference frequency generator are the key parts for a seabed seismometer design. The paper provides the development results of these key components, which are essential for the seismometer performance (power consumption and functionality).

A draft proposal for seabed seismic exploration project in the Russian sector of the Black Sea solving the current actual geological problems is presented. Implementation of the project will contribute to determination of the crystalline basement depth within the Shatsky ridge and the Tuapse depression; detection of P and S wave velocities in the lower part of sedimentary cover and in the basement, and to the refinement of the Earth’s crust thickness. The extension of regional seabed seismic lines from the Turkish to the Russian sector of the Black Sea will give the scientists a clearer picture of the Earth’s crust structure over the whole east Black Sea basin. The results of seabed studies will verify and improve the results of the Black Sea 2011 towed-streamer survey (with 10 km streamer) on the sedimentary cover structure and the Earth’s crust.

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About the authors

D. A. Il’inskiy

Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University

Author for correspondence.
Email: dilinskiy61@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Nakhimovskii pr., 36, Moscow 117997; Institutskii per., 9, Dolgoprudnyi, Moscow oblast, 141700 

A. A. Ginzburg

Sergeev Institute of Environmental Geoscience, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: galab3@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Ulanskii per., 13, str. 2, Moscow, 101000

V. V. Voronin

Sergeev Institute of Environmental Geoscience, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: galab3@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Ulanskii per., 13, str. 2, Moscow, 101000

O. Yu. Ganzha

Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University)

Email: dilinskiy61@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Nakhimovskii pr., 36, Moscow 117997; Ulanskii per., 13, str. 2, Moscow, 101000 

A. B. Manukin

Shmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth

Email: amanukin@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, B. Gruzinskaya ul. 10, str. 1, Moscow, 123242

K. A. Roginskiy

Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: amanukin@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Nakhimovskii pr., 36, Moscow 117997

References

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  2. Afanasenkov, A.P., Nikishin, A.M., Obukhov, A.N. Geologicheskoe stroenie i uglevodorodnyi potentsial Vostochno-Chernomorskogo regiona [Geological structure and hydrocarbon potential of the east Black Sea region]. Moscow, Nauchnui mir Publ., 2007, 172 p. (in Russian)
  3. Zverev, S.M. DSS at oceans for the last 30 years of projects: methods and wave fields. Fizika Zemli, 1999, no. 7-8, pp. 143-163. (in Russian)
  4. Il’inskiy, D.A., Razumov, A.Yu., Korneev, A.A., Rusalin, A.M., Gotz, I.A. Innovative Approach and Mobile Technology of Seismic Exploration in the Remote Hard-To-Reach Tidal Areas of Arctic. Seismicheskie pribory, 2013, vol. 49, no. 2, pp. 58-70. (in Russian)
  5. Ismagilov, D.F., Terekhov, A.A., Shainurov, R.V. Pallas bank in the Black Sea as a Mesozoic buried rift block. Doklady Akademii nauk SSSR, 1991, vol. 319, no, 4, pp. 935-938. (in Russian)
  6. Laverov, N.P., Roslov, Yu.V., Lobkovskii, L.I., Tulupov, A.V., Voronov, M.A., Ganzha, O.Yu. Prospect of seabed seismic exploration in the Russian Federation. Arktika: ekologiya i ekonomika, no. 4, 2011, p. 2-13. (in Russian)
  7. Levchenko, D.G., Lobkovskiy, L.I., Il’inskiy, D.A., Raushenbakh, I.B., , Ledenev, V.V., Roginskii, K.A. Case study in the development and field testing of multifunctional cable sea bottom seismic recorder . Seismicheskie pribory, 2014, vol. 50, no.4, pp. 23-35. (in Russian)
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  9. Pudovkin, A.A. and Khortov, A.V. Seismostratigraphic features and prospects for oil and gas deposits at Shatsky Ridge. Geologiya, geofizika i razrabotka neftyanykh i gazovykh mestorozhdenii, 2002, no. 1, pp. 40-46. (in Russian)
  10. Turgolesov, D.A., Gorshkov, A.S., Meisner, L. B., et al. Tektonika mezokainozoiskikh otlozhenii Chernomorskoi vpadiny [Tectonics of Meso-Cenozoic deposits in the Black Sea depression], Moscow, Nedra Publ., 1985, 215 p. (in Russian)
  11. Khortov, A.V., Neprochnov, Yu.P. Deep structure and some questions about oil and gas deposits in the southern Russian seas. Okeanologiya, 2006, no. 2, pp. 114-122. (in Russian)
  12. Minshull, T.A., White, N.J., Edwards, R.A., Shillington, D.J., Scott, C.L., Demire,r A., Shaw-Champion, M., Jones, S.M., Erduran, M., Besevli, T., Coskun, G., Raven, K., Price, A., and Peterson, B. Seismic Data Reveal Eastern Black Sea Basin Structure. EOS: Transactions American Geophysical Union, 2005, vol. 86, no. 43, pp. 413-428.
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  15. Shillington, D.J., White, N., Minshull, T.A., Edwards, G.R.H., Jones, S.M., Edwards, R.A., Scott, C.L. Cenozoic evolution of the eastern Black Sea: A test of depth-dependent stretching models. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2008, vol. 265, no. 3-4, pp. 360-378.
  16. http://www.iongeo.com/content/documents/Resource%20Center/Brochures%20and%20Data%20Sheets/Data%20Sheets/Data%20Library/DS_GEO_Black_SeaSPAN.pdf

Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
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1. JATS XML
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2. Fig. 1. Bottom self-emanating stations (from left to right): LARGE - FSUE OKB OT RAN (2002), GeoPro GmbH (2007), Geonod Exploration (2014).

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3. Fig. 2. Collection of pop-up stations after their successive call for sonar communication. After surfacing to the sea, the stations automatically synchronize with GPS / Glonass signals, turn off data logging and transmit their coordinates to the ship via radio.

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4. Fig. 3. Construction of the depth velocity model for the sedimentary cover - the upper part of the section of the Earth's crust in studies with bottom stations on long profiles (explained in the text).

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5. Fig. 4. Block diagram of the CDS.

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6. Fig. 5. The controller for the new generation of CSDs.

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7. Fig. 6. Quantum ™ SA.45s CSAC atomic reference generator the size of a small microcircuit.

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8. Fig. 7. Scheme of the thermal state of the pair "quartz resonator - temperature sensor".

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9. Fig. 8. Reference quartz generator CSD new generation.

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10. Fig. 9. Digital thermostat, in which the Peltier element is used, and the temperature set in advance is maintained with an accuracy of ± 0.02 ° C.

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11. Fig. 10. Profiles with bottom stations in the eastern part of the Black Sea. Black squares show the position of bottom recorders on 4 profiles with bottom stations in 2005 [12-14] in the Turkish sector of the Black Sea. Thin dash-dotted lines - the proposed continuation of these profiles in the Russian sector of the Black Sea. The line running from northwest to southeast is the proposed long profile along the Shatsky rampart. The total length of the proposed new profiles is 1400 km.

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12. Fig. 11. The position of regional profiles on the Black Sea. Solid thin black and gray lines - regional profiles with a long braid (10 km), made on the ship "Mezen" in 2011; thick gray lines - 4 profiles with bottom stations of 2005 (82 bottom stations [1, 16]) and a short profile of IOAN 2004 (5 bottom stations) on the Shatsky shaft; black dotted - OGT profile.

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13. Fig. 12. Seismic section (above) through the Eastern basin of the Black Sea, obtained in 2011 using a long spit (10 km), and high-speed section (left) of the Eastern basin, obtained from studies using bottom stations in 2005 [1, 15 , sixteen]. The position of the GBS profile is shown in fig. eleven.

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