RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE SYMPTOMS AND MAGICAL THINKING AND PREDICTIVE STYLE



Cite item

Full Text

Open Access Open Access
Restricted Access Access granted
Restricted Access Subscription or Fee Access

Abstract

BACKGROUND.Obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCD) are the basis of the clinic of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), but they can occur both in people without psychopathology and in patients with schizophrenia. Research demonstrates the connection of ACS with magical thinking. We suggest that the predictive style may act as a mediator between magical thinking and ACS: magical thinking combined with negative forecasts increases anxiety about the future, which leads to ACS.

AIM. To study the features of the relationship of ACS with magical thinking and prognostic style in patients with schizophrenia, OCD and healthy subjects.

Materials and methods. The study involved 181 respondents, who were divided into 4 groups: 50 healthy respondents without ACS (Iu=32); 39 healthy respondents with ACS (Iu=34), identified by the MOCI questionnaire, but without a diagnosis of OCD; 52 patients with schizophrenia (Iu=36 years); 40 patients with OCD (Iu=27 years). To identify magical thinking, the Paranormal Belief Scale (SHVP) was used by J. R.R. Tolkien. Tobasika (adaptation by D.S. Grigoriev, 2015), to determine the signs of OCD – the MOCI questionnaire (adaptation by D.S. Karpov, 2022), to assess the features of forecasting – the predictive style questionnaire (OPS) (A.S. Border).The statistical analysis was performed using the Jamovi 2.3.28 program.

Results.Patients with schizophrenia, compared with other groups, scored statistically significantly more points both on the full CVT (Welch=12.61; p<0.001) and on other subscales, except for the "Superstition" scale. According to the results of the step-by-step regression analysis, the subscales of the ball screw test were statistically significant predictors for the severity of ACS, and excessive forecasting and pessimism, being mediators, enhance the influence of magical thinking. Magical thinking combined with the peculiarities of the predictive style explained 14-60% of the variance in the respondents' responses to the MOCI questionnaire.

Conclusion. Patients with schizophrenia believe more in the paranormal than patients with OCD and healthy respondents. ACS is associated with magical thinking and predictive style. Excessive forecasting and pessimism positively correlate with belief in the paranormal. The predictive style acts as a mediator of the relationship between magical thinking and ACS.

Full Text

Restricted Access

About the authors

Alexander S. Granitsa

Kazan Federal University, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology

Email: hebechblu@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0498-7397
SPIN-code: 4775-7844

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Depart. of Neurology with courses in Psychiatry, Clinical Psychology and Medical Genetics

Russian Federation, Kazan

Elza K. Kuchukova

Volga Region) Federal University

Email: elssakam@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0001-3254-7073

студентка лечебного факультета ИФМИБ

Russian Federation, Kazan

Irina S. Musina

(Volga Region) Federal University, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology

Author for correspondence.
Email: i.musina2011@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0007-8359-6696

студентка лечебного факультета ИФМИБ

Kazan.

References

  1. GlushchenkoVV, NumerickayaKP. The problem of differential diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder and schizophrenia. Bulletin of the Novgorod State University. Series: medical sciences. 2021;(1):20-23.(In Russ).EDN: YMFOWWdoi: 10.34680/2076-8052.2021.1(122).20-23
  2. Schirmbeck F, Zink M. Comorbid obsessive-compulsive symptoms in schizophrenia: contributions of pharmacological and genetic factors. Frontiers in pharmacology. 2013;4:99.doi: 10.3389/fphar.2013.00099
  3. ShafranR, Rachman S. Thought-action fusion: a review. Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry.2004;35(2):87–107.doi: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2004.04.002
  4. Lysaker PH, Dimaggio G, Buck KD,et al. Metacognition within narratives of schizophrenia: associations with multiple domains of neurocognition //Schizophrenia research. 2007. Vol. 93, N. 1–3. P. 278–287.doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2007.02.016
  5. Kerns J.G., Berenbaum H. Cognitive impairments associated with formal thought disorder in people with schizophrenia.Journal of abnormal psychology.2002;111(2):211–224. doi: 10.1037/0021-843X.111.2.211
  6. Zhmurov VA. The Great Encyclopedia of Psychiatry. 2nd ed. Moscow: Dzhangar;2012. 864 p.(In Russ).
  7. ReberА. A large explanatory psychological dictionary.Moscow: Veche;2003. 592 p.(In Russ).
  8. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 5th ed. (DSM-5).Arlington: American Psychiatric Publishing; 2013. 970 p. ISBN 978-0-89042-554-1. ISBN 978-0-89042-555-8.
  9. Amir N,Freshman M, Ramsey B, et al.Thought-action fusion in individuals with OCD symptoms.Behaviour research and therapy. 2001;39(7):765–767.doi: 10.1016/s0005-7967(00)00056-5
  10. Einstein DA, Menzies RG. Magical thinking in obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder and the general community.Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy.2006;34(3):351–357. doi: 10.1017/S1352465806002864
  11. Dukhareva AV, Mayorov AA. Obsessive-compulsive disorder: How do rituals come about? A new look. International Scientific Bulletin. 2013;(1):69–74. (In Russ).EDN: SCSZMJ
  12. Fite RE,Adut SL, Magee JC. Do you believe in magical thinking? Examining magical thinking as a mediator between obsessive-compulsive belief domains and symptoms.Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy. 2020;48(4):454–462. doi: 10.1017/S1352465820000132
  13. Einstein DA, Menzies RG. The presence of magical thinking inobsessive compulsive disorder.Behaviour research and therapy. 2004;42(5):539–549.doi: 10.1016/S0005-7967(03)00160-8
  14. Berle D, Blaszczynski A, Einstein DA, et al. Thought–action fusion in schizophrenia: a preliminary investigation.Behaviour Change. 2006;23(4):260–269.doi: 10.1375/bech.23.4.260
  15. George L, Neufeld RW. Magical ideation and schizophrenia.Journal of consulting and clinical psychology. 1987;55(5):778–779.doi: 10.1037//0022-006x.55.5.778
  16. Eckblad M, Chapman LJ. Magical ideationas an indicator of schizotypy.Journal of consulting and clinical psychology. 1983;51(2):215–225.doi: 10.1037//0022-006x.51.2.215
  17. Berle D, Starcevic V. Thought-action fusion: review of the literature and future directions.Clinical psychology review.2005;25(3):263–284.doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2004.12.001
  18. Koroleva EG. Deontology in psychiatry. Educational and methodical manual. Grodno: Grodno State Medical University; 2009. 99 p. (In Russ).
  19. BentallRP, RowseG, ShryaneN, et al.Thecognitiveandaffectivestructureof paranoid delusions: a transdiagnostic investigation of patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and depression.Archives of general psychiatry. 2009;66(3):236–247. doi: 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2009.1
  20. Beck AT, Rector NA. Cognitive approaches to schizophrenia: theory and therapy.Annual Review of Clinical Psychology.2005;1:577–606. doi: 10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.1.102803.144205
  21. Hu XZ. Left Amygdala functional connectivity decreased after fear of negative events was disregarded in obsessive-compulsive disorder.Neurosci Insights.2022;17:1–4. doi: 10.1177/26331055221114823
  22. Granitsa AS, LotfullinaAR, PerishivkinaVV. Development and psychometric assessment of the test “Predictive style”. NeurologyBulletin.2024;56(3):247–258. (In Russ). doi: 10.17816/nb630139
  23. Reid JE, Laws KR, Drummond L, et al. Cognitive behavioural therapy with exposure and response prevention in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis ofrandomised controlled trials.
  24. Comprehensive Psychiatry.2021;106:152223. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2021.152223
  25. Granholm E, Holden J, Worley M. Improvement in negative symptoms and functioning in cognitive-behavioral social skills training for schizophrenia: mediation by defeatist performance attitudes and asocial beliefs.Schizophrenia Bulletin. 2018;44(3):653–661. doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbx099
  26. Mattina GF, Slyepchenko A, Steiner M. Obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.Handbook of Clinical Neurology.2020;175:369–386. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-64123-6.00025-4
  27. Karpov DS, Karpova MS, Popova SP, Kholmogorova AB. Validation of the Russian-language version of the MAUDSLEY scale of obsessive-compulsive symptoms (MOCI) on population and clinical samples. Consultative psychology and psychotherapy. 2022;30(3):21–41. (In Russ). doi: 10.17759/cpp.2022300303
  28. Moukas G, Gourzis P, Beratis IN, Beratis S.Sex differences in prepsychotic “prodromal” symptomatology and its association with positive and negative syndrome scale active phase psychopathology in male and female patients.Comprehensive Psychiatry.2010;51(5):546–551. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2009.11.003
  29. Yung AR, Buckby JA, Cotton SM, et al. Psychotic-like experiences in nonpsychotic help-seekers: associations with distress, depression, and disability.Schizophrenia Bulletin. 2006;32(2):352–359.doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbj018
  30. Grimmer MR, White KD. Nonconventional beliefs among australian science and nonscience students.The Journal of Psychology. 1992;126(5):521–528. doi: 10.1080/00223980.1992.10543385
  31. Aarnio K, Lindeman М.Paranormal beliefs, education, and thinking styles.Journal of Personality and Individual Differences. 2005;39(7):1227–1236. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2005.04.009
  32. Abitov IR, Akbirova RR, Sibgatullina LR. Supranatural beliefs of students majoring in Humanities and in Science. In: Fundamental and applied research in modern psychology: results and development prospects/ Edited byZhuravlev AL, KoltsovaVA. Moscow: Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 2017. p. 630–637. (In Russ).EDN ZVDXGB
  33. AbitovIR, VlasovaAV.Superstitiousness and paranormal beliefs of the persons suffering from neurotic disorders. In: Current problems of defectology and clinical psychology. Collection of scientific papers of the 11th International Scientific and Educational Conference/ Edited byAkhmetzyanovaAI;2017. p. 276–281. (In Russ).EDN: ZEEMKJ
  34. Granitsa AS, Makarova DA, Mashtakova AI, Chertishev MS. Differences in anticipation capacity in depressive and mixed anxiety–depressive disorders. NeurologicalBulletin. 2024;56(4):368–374. (In Russ).doi: 10.17816/nb630137
  35. Fradkin I, Huppert JD. When our train of thought goes off track: The different facets of out-of-context thoughts in obsessive compulsive disorder.Journal of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.2018;18:31–39. doi: 10.1016/j.jocrd.2018.06.001

Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
Action
1. JATS XML
Download

Note

Часть материала для исследования была собрана в ходе выполнения курсовой работы Кучуковой Э. К. под руководством Граница А.С. на тему: «Сравнительные особенности магического мышления у пациентов с шизофренией и обсессивно-компульсивным расстройством». Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет, 2024 г.

Исследование одобрено Локальным этическим комитетом Института фундаментальной медицины и биологии Казанского (Приволжского) федерального университета, протокол № 52 от 24.12.2024

 


Copyright (c) Eco-Vector


СМИ зарегистрировано Федеральной службой по надзору в сфере связи, информационных технологий и массовых коммуникаций (Роскомнадзор).
Регистрационный номер и дата принятия решения о регистрации СМИ: серия ПИ № ФС 77 - 75562 от 12 апреля 2019 года.