Vol 22, No 8 (2019)

Methodical approaches to the application of 1H NMR spectroscopy for the simultaneous quantitative determination of potassium acetate and glycerol in highly concentrated aqueous solutions. The results obtained can be used in the manufacture and analysis of chemical composition of preservative solution used in preservation of biological substances in research institutions and museums biological focus. The 1H NMR spectrum was obtained with the following parameters: response time - 5 seconds; RF pulse length - 3.3 gs (10 degrees); relaxation delay - 10 seconds; the number of accumulations is 16. Then, the integral intensity of the signals is determined in the 1H NMR spectrum, after which the obtained values of the integrals in the ranges of chemical shifts 1.8 - 2.0; 3.4 - 3.8 and 4.6 - 4.9 ppm calculate the molar and mass percentage of each component. The high accuracy of the quantitative determination of the components of the preservative solution and the high economic efficiency compared with the method of potentiometric titration were determined.

Previously, the chemical composition of volatile compounds has been studied in the 6-component herb tea intending for the treatment and prevention of pathological craving for alcohol, consisting of flowers of Tanacetum vulgare L., leaves of Urtica dioica L., herb of Artemisia absinthium L., Achillea millefolium L. and Thymus serpyllum L. and rhizomes of Acorus calamus L. The herb tea inhibited lipid peroxidation of biological membranes of hepatocytes, reduced the phenomenon of cytolysis and cholestasis in alcoholic hepatitis in experiments on rats. The aim of this article is herb tea standartization by content of phenolic compounds responsible for the pharmacological activity of herb tea. Herb tea samples of production of the MIP "Arura" (Ulan-Ude), HPLC and HPLC/MS methods, pharmacopoeial methods for determining the amount of substances were used in study. Phenolic compounds have been idendified in herb tea by HPLC: cinaroside, quercetin, o-coumaric, gallic, caffeic, cinnamic acid. It was found that the herb tea contains (in qg / g): luteolin (44.85), cinaroside (3.36), rutin (0.18), quercetin (0.10) using HPLC / MS. The content of the sum of substances in herb tea were determined (%): flavonoids in terms of luteolin (1.25), phenolic acids in terms of caffeic acid (0.17), triterpene saponins (6.99), essential oil (0.73) , ascorbic acid (0.16), organic acids (2.71), polysaccharides (3.40) using pharmacopoeial methods. The optimal parameters for the extraction of flavonoids from herb tea were determined: double extraction of herb tea with 70 % ethyl alcohol, with a phase ratio of 1:50 for 2 hours (1 hour each extraction) for standartization of herb tea. Spectrophotometric method was validated, the relative error of an individual result does not exceed 3,21%. Standards for the content of biologically active substances were established: the amount of flavonoids in terms of luteolin - not less than 0.8%; tannins - not less than 4.0%; essential oil - not less than 0.5% based on the results obtained from the analysis of the five series of herb tea.

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the gastroprotective effect of dry extract from the roots and rhizomes of Ferulopsis hystrix (Bunge) Pimenov in indomethacin-induced gastropathy. Materials and methods. The studies were carried out on white Wistar rats. The indomethacin-induced gastropathy was simulated by a single intragastric administration of indomethacin in dose of 60 mg/kg. The F. hystrix dry extract in the doses 100 and 200 mg/kg was administered to animals I and II experimental groups for 7 days before the modeling of gastropathy. Animals of the III experimental groups were received the preparation of comparison - plantaglucid in the 300 mg/kg. The gastroprotective effect of F. hystrix was estimated taking into account the Pauls' index which was calculated for erosions and strip-like ulcers as well as taking into account the morphometric indices (the depth of erosions) of the stomach mucosa. Results. The F. hystrix dry extract in the dose of 200 mg/kg was decreased the average number of erosions and stripe-like ulcers by 2 (p≤ 0.05) and 5 (p≤ 0.05) times and the Pauls' index - by 2 and 20 times respectively as compared to the control. The F. hystrix extract in the doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg was reduced the depth of erosions by 35% and 74% respectively as compared to the control. Conclusion. Thus, F. hystrix has the gastroprotective effect in indomethacin-induced gastropathy. The F. hystrix dry extract in the dose of 200 mg/kg manifests the gastroprotective effect surpassing the effect of the preparation of comparison - plantaglucide.

Both toxic and essential elements may play a significant role in the immune system disturbances in frequently ill children (FIC), but the age dependency of this influence is not well understood. Aim. The goal of this study was to measure the levels of clinically relevant essential and toxic elements in hair of FIC and to assess their correlation with the age of the subjects. Materias and Methods. Hair samples of 200 children were assayed for the levels of chemical elements using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) on a NexION 300D spectrometer after microwave decomposition. Results. In comparison with healthy children, the younger group of FIC (2 to 7 y/o) was characterized by a significant increase in the hair levels of arsenic (+ 24%), selenium (+ 11%) and potassium (2.5 times), while the zinc level was lower (- 27%). In the group of FIC over 7 years old the level of arsenic was similarly higher than in the control group (+ 30%). A significant increase of the levels of calcium (+ 27%), cobalt (+ 50%) and selenium (+ 18%) relative to the corresponding control values was found only for the older group. Correlation analysis demonstrated that high susceptibility to colds is associated with changes in the age dynamics of the elemental profile. Conclusions. Obtained results indicate the existence of pronounced age-dependent disturbances in the elemental status of children susceptible to frequent respiratory infections.