Experience in the use of confocal laser endomicroscopy for the diagnosis of bladder papillary tumors
- 作者: Shoaydarov M.A.1, Martov A.G.2,1,3, Andronov A.S.2,1, Dutov S.V.2,1, Pominalnaya V.M.4
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隶属关系:
- A.I. Burnazyan SRC FMBC, FMBA of Russia
- GBUZ “City clinical hospital named after D.D. Pletnev of the Health Department c. Moscow
- Lomonosov Moscow State University
- Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific Center of Moscow Health Department
- 期: 编号 2 (2023)
- 页面: 99-106
- 栏目: Endourology
- URL: https://journals.eco-vector.com/1728-2985/article/view/528470
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.18565/urology.2023.2.99-106
- ID: 528470
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Introduction. Visual confirmation of suspicious changes in the urinary tract mucosa is the cornerstone in the diagnosis of urothelial cancer. However, with bladder tumors, it is impossible to obtain histopathological data during cystoscopy both in white light and in photodynamic and narrow-spectrum modes, as well as with computerized chromoendoscopy. Confocal laser endomicroscopy (probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy – pCLE) is an optical imaging technique that provides high-resolution in vivo imaging and real-time evaluation of urothelial lesions.
Aim. To assess the diagnostic capabilities of pCLE in papillary bladder tumors and compare its results with standard pathomorphological study.
Materials and methods. A total of 38 patients (27 men, 11 women, aged 41–82 years) with primary bladder tumors diagnosed on the imaging methods were included in the study. For the diagnosis and treatment, all patients underwent transurethral resection (TUR) of the bladder. When a standard white light cystoscopy with assessment of the entire urothelium, 10% sodium fluorescein was administrated intravenously as a contrast dye. pCLE was performed with CystoFlexTMUHD 2.6 mm (7.8 Fr) probe, which was passed through the 26 Fr resectoscope using a telescope bridge to visualize normal and pathological urothelial lesions. A laser with a wavelength of 488 nm and a speed of 8 to 12 frames per second allowed to obtain an endomicroscopic image. These images were compared with standard histopathological analysis using hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining of tumor fragments removed during TUR of the bladder.
Results. Based on real-time pCLE, 23 patients had a diagnosis of low-grade urothelial carcinoma, while in 12 patients the endomicroscopic picture corresponded to high-grade urothelial carcinoma, 2 patients had typical changes for inflammatory process and 1 case of carcinoma in situ was suspected, which was confirmed by histopathological study. Endomicroscopic images demonstrated clear differences between normal bladder mucosa and high- and low-grade tumors. In the normal urothelium, the larger umbrella cells are located most superficially, followed by smaller intermediate cells, as well as the lamina propria with blood vessels network. In contrast, low-grade urothelial carcinoma is characterized by denser, normal-shaped small cells located superficially than a central fibrovascular core. High-grade urothelial carcinoma exhibits markedly irregular cell architecture and cellular pleomorphism.
Conclusion. pCLE is a promising new method for in-vivo diagnosing of bladder cancer. Our results show its potential for endoscopic determination of the histological characteristics of bladder tumors and the ability to differentiate between benign and malignant processes, as well as the histological grade of tumor cells.
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作者简介
M. Shoaydarov
A.I. Burnazyan SRC FMBC, FMBA of Russia
Email: dr.shoaydarov@yahoo.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3136-2114
urologist, Ph.D. student at the Department of Urology and Andrology
俄罗斯联邦, MoscowA. Martov
GBUZ “City clinical hospital named after D.D. Pletnev of the Health Department c. Moscow; A.I. Burnazyan SRC FMBC, FMBA of Russia; Lomonosov Moscow State University
编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: martovalex@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6324-6110
Ph.D., MD, corresponding member of RAS, Professor, Head of the Department of Urology and Andrology; Head of the urologic department No2; leading researcher at the Department of Urology and Andrology of Medical Scientific and Educational Center
俄罗斯联邦, Moscow; Moscow; MoscowA. Andronov
GBUZ “City clinical hospital named after D.D. Pletnev of the Health Department c. Moscow; A.I. Burnazyan SRC FMBC, FMBA of Russia
Email: dr.andronov@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5492-6808
Ph.D., associate professor at the Department of Urology and Andrology; urologist at the Urologic department No2
俄罗斯联邦, Moscow; MoscowS. Dutov
GBUZ “City clinical hospital named after D.D. Pletnev of the Health Department c. Moscow; A.I. Burnazyan SRC FMBC, FMBA of Russia
Email: hammerwise@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5384-355X
Ph.D., assistant at the Department of Urology and Andrology; urologist at the Urologic department No2
俄罗斯联邦, Moscow; MoscowV. Pominalnaya
Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific Center of Moscow Health Department
Email: vika.pominalnaya74@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4420-9052
Ph.D., pathologist at the Department of the Pathology
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