开放存取
##reader.subscriptionAccessGranted##
订阅或者付费存取
编号 6 (2004)
- 年: 2004
- 文章: 19
- URL: https://journals.eco-vector.com/1728-2985/issue/view/6589
Articles
Prevalence of essential urological diseases among rural population
摘要
A retrospective one-stage epidemiological trial was made to investigate
prevalence of urinary infections (UI), urolithiasis (UL) and
benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) among rural population, to reveal
latent or initial stages of these diseases and to specify preventive policy.
2330 rural one-year-olds and older children (n = 345, 14.8%)
were covered by a screening examination forbacteriuria, leukocyturia,
crystaluria and symptoms of the lower urinary tract caused by benign
prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). UI, UL, BPH were detected in 7.0%
(70:1000), 17.9% (179:1000) and 17.3% (173:1000), respectively. UI
and UL ran a latent course. The former needed an antibacterial preventive
therapy, the latter - prophylaxis of primary lithogenesis. Alpha-adrenoblockers
were indicated for BPH patients. All the necessary
therapeutic and prophylactic measures can be realized outpatiently
by general practitioners
Urologiia. 2004;(6):3-6
3-6
Extracorporeal lithotripsy: anew approach to improving efficacy and objective assessment
摘要
Clinical trials of the generator EMSE 220F XXP were conducted
on the lithotriptor Dornie C" in the Research Institute of Urology from
September 2203 to January 2004. Extracorporeal lithotripsy (ECL) was
made in 158 patients (66 women and 92 men, age 11-89 years) with
different clinical forms of nephrolithiasis. The analysis of nephrolith
fragmentation showed high disintegration power of the generator in all
nephrolithiasis forms (97.4%). Maximal energy intensity in ECL of nephrolithis
was under 7 units, of ureterolithis - 10 units. The number
of additional sessions averaged 11.4% , mean Edose was 49.2 J. Complications
of early postoperative period was detected in 4 (2.5%) patients.
In two of them (1.3%) subcapsular hematomas 180 cm3 in size
were detected. The other two patients developed exacerbation of
pyelonephritis early after operation. It was managed conservatively.
Thus, EMSE 220F-XXP is a novel, highly effective source of generation
of shock-wave impulses providing finely divided fragmentation of
uroliths in 97.4% cases. A mean Edose 49.2 J effectively destructs urinary
concrements of any location with a minimal risk of postoperative
complications. Maximal intensity regimes should be used carefully with
consideration of a high risk of traumatic complications
Urologiia. 2004;(6):6-9
6-9
Pathogenetic criteria of nephroptosis
摘要
The aim of the study was to specify treatment policy in nephroptosis
on the basis of characteristics of the onset, development and
course of the disease. A total of 83 patients with nephroptosis were
examined. The rotation angles of the kidney were summed using
standard excretory urograms in clino- and orthostasis. Radionuclide
nephroscintigraphy, rheorenography were made in 72 patients. Statistical
processing employed correlation, cluster, discriminant analysis
of the program Statistica. The method of estimation of the angles of
rotation of the movable kidney in three planes was introduced.
Grouping of patients by the sum of the rotation angles appeared more
precise in reflecting disorders of intraorganic circulation in the kidney
than skeletotopic distribution by the nephroptosis degree. Standard
excretory urograms allow determination of the sum of the angle of
rotation of the movable kidney and, finally, adequate conservative or
surgical treatment method. Surgery can correct disorders of intraoring
ganic blood flow by creating physiological position for the kidney raisto
the due level and eliminating rotation.
Urologiia. 2004;(6):9-16
9-16
The role of present-day aminoglycosides in urological practice
Urologiia. 2004;(6):16-19
16-19
The rate and location of thepositive surgical margin and its role in predicting recurrence of prostatic cancer
摘要
To estimate the rate of positive surgical margin (SM) in radical retropubic
prostatectomy and its role in emergence of prostatic cancer (PC)
recurrence, we operated 216 PC patients aged 41 to 73 years. Most of
the patients had clinical stages T2a,b (41.8%) or T3a (35.6%). Stages Tl
and T3b were in 18.7 and 3.9% patients, respectively .A positive SM was
Г registered in 68 of 193 patients (35.2%). Thirty six (52.9%) patients had
a focal (solitary or short) SM, thirty two (47.1%) had a long SM. The
recurrence occurred in 31 (16.1%) patients who, as a rule, had long SM.
Recurrence-free one-year survival in 104 patients who had no SM
reached 82%, in 34 patients with focal SM (group 2) it was 83%. Such
three-year survival in group 1 and 2 was 75 and 73.6%, respectively.
Thus, recurrence-free survival in organ-limited process and short SM
differed little within 3 years. The period between 12 and 24 months of
follow-up is most risky in relation to detection of recurrence in short SM.
The group of patients with long SM had maximal number of recurrences.
Urologiia. 2004;(6):19-21
19-21
Intraprostatic injection of 96% ethanol in animal experiment
摘要
Transurethral intraprostatic injection of ethanol (HE) is a new
low-invasive method in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia
(BPH). We made dog and rat experiments to prove safety and efficacy
of HE. The experiment was made on 10 rats and 10 dogs injected
transurethrally (Prostaject device) with 96% ethyl alcohol in 10% volume
of estimated volume of the prostate. The injection was followed
by measurement of blood alcohol, the test for hemolysis. Transurethral
ultrasound control of prostate size 1, 3 and 6 months after the
injection and histological examinations 1, 3, 7, 14 days and 1, 3 and
6 months after the injection were made. It was found that blood alcohol
after the above injection was not elevated. Necrosis was documented
in all the cases but subsequently the necrotic site was replaced
with sclerotic tissue. The necrosis involved only the prostatic capsule.
The size of the prostate diminished by 29%. Thus, transurethral injection
of ethyl alcohol (10% of prostate size) is safe and effective in
achievement of prostatic gland ablation. Therefore, clinical trials of
the method in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia are justified
Urologiia. 2004;(6):21-26
21-26
INTRAVESICAL IONOPHORESIS OF MEDICINES (ANEXPERIMENTAL STUDY)
摘要
The depth of drug penetration into the wall of the urinary bladder
in intravesical ionophoresis (IVIP), IVIP influence on functional condition
of the lower urinary tracts were studied on 15 female dogs.
Functional condition of the lower urinary tracts was characterized by
pressure in the urinary bladder, "volume-pressure" index, bioelectric
activity of the urethra. The pressure was registered by electromanometry.
Bioelectric activity of the urethra was studied with electromyography
and tetrapolar rheography. The above indices were registered
synchroneously on a multichannel recorder. Intraoperative cystomanometry
was made in 7 tyopental narcotized animals. Samples of
blood and vesicular tissue were taken for immunofluorescent study
before and after IVIP. Medicines were accumulated best in mucous
and submucous layers (0.03910.0012 and 0.0338±0.0050 mcm/mg
tissue, respectively). After IVIP intravesical pressure was, on the average,
lower in the same filling volumes as before IVIP. A mean amplitude
of spontaneous fluctuations of pressure in the urinary bladder
in its filling after IVIP was also lower than the baseline. After IVIP,
pressure in the urinary bladder in voiding was much lower than before
the procedure, maximal capacity of the urinary bladder and elasticity
of the wall increased. Bioelectrical activity of the urethral wall was
registered in the same mean pressure and capacity as before IVIP. Intensity
of micturition after IVIP course decreased both at rest and in
diuretic load with lasix. Time to micturition was increased with an
increase in the number of procedures of IVIP. Thus, the experimental
study showed pathogenetic validity of intravesical ionophoresis of
medicines in the treatment of chronic recurrent cystitis
Urologiia. 2004;(6):26-30
26-30
Injuries of the urinary bladder.Policy and treatment results
摘要
A retrospective analysis of 87 cases of isolated traumas and multitraumas
of the urinary bladder treated in 1986-2002 covered 69 men
and 18 women aged 21-79 years. Young and middle-aged patients
(20-50 year olds) prevailed. Isolated traumas of the bladder were diagnosed
in 52 patients (4 extra- and 48 intraperitoneal trauma), 35
patients had multitraumas (7 extra- and 28 intraperitoneal trauma).
Isolated traumas were most frequently caused by beating (79.4%),
multitraumas - by road accidents (79.2%). Examination included
catheterization of the bladder, ultrasonic investigation, x-ray contrast
studies, laparocentesis, laparoscopy. Injury of the bladder combined
with fractures of skeletal bones, craniocerebral trauma, abdominal injuries.
Surgery was made in 86 cases, bladder drainage was made by
cystostomy, transurethral drain was conducted in 17 patients. Bladder
surgery was combined with abdominal operations in 14 patients.
Three operations were delayed. Out of 87 patients 67 was cured. 20
(23%) patients died. Lethal outcomes were mostly due to progression
of traumatic shock.
Urologiia. 2004;(6):30-34
30-34
Male infertility treatment using КАП-ЭЛМ-01 "Андро-Гин" complex
Urologiia. 2004;(6):34-37
34-37
Fluorescent cystoscopyand transurethral electroresection in diagnosis and treatment ofpatients with invasive cancer of the urinary bladder
摘要
From 1996 to 2002 we examined and treated 224 patients with
invasive cancer of the urinary bladder (ICUB). The examination
complex included clinical, laboratory, radiation tests, endoscopic and
morphological investigations of the surgical material. The patients received
four types of treatment: transurethral resection (TUR) of the
bladder wall (n = 102) alone; TUR+MVAC chemotherapy (n = 56);
open resection of the urinary bladder only (n = 38); open resection+MVAC
chemotherapy (n = 28). In diagnosis of papillary lesions
sensitivity of cystoscopy (CS) was 66.6%, fluorescent CS (FCS) -95.2%.
Sensitivity in diagnosis of squamous tumors was 33.3 and
91.6%, respectively. The best results were achieved in patients with
pT2A tumor invasion depth, Gl differentiation of tumor cells after
TUR with adjuvant polychemotherapy (PCT) recurrences in these
patients arose by 41.2% less frequently than in patients after TUR only,
5-year survival in patients after TUR+PCT was 83.3%. Thus, FCS
improves diagnosis of urinary bladder tumors (sensitivity of CS was
70.0% vs that of FCS - 95.0%). In cancer of the urinary bladder the
organ can be saved only at stage pT2Gl. A method of choice is TUR
of the bladder wall with adjuvant PCT.
Key words: cancer of the urinary bladder, fluorescent cystoscopy,
transurethral electroresection of the urinary bladder, open resection
of the urinary bladder
Urologiia. 2004;(6):37-40
37-40
Optimization of endosurgical treatment of womenwith urinary stress incontinence
摘要
Stress urine incontinence was treated in 79 women with Burch
laparoscopic colposuspension, 75 (94.9%) of them had chronic urinary
infection. 42 females of group 1 received postoperative extracorporeal
hemocorrection, 37 females of group 2 received conventional
postoperative therapy. In group 1 the treatment reduced leukocyturia,
bacteriuria was detected in 9 (21.4%) patients, recurrent incontinence
occurred in 2 (5.9%) women. In group 2 leukocyturia enhanced, bacteriuria
and incontinence recurrence were observed in 23 (62.2%) and
8 (23.5%) patients, respectively. The results of the study show that
combined use of laparoscopic colposuspension by Burch and extracorporeal
hemocorrection improves the results of the treatment of
stress urine incontinence
Urologiia. 2004;(6):40-44
40-44
A case of pigment metabolism disturbance in differential diagnosis of urological diseases
Urologiia. 2004;(6):44-45
44-45
Primary extraperitoneal scrotoinguinal hernia of the bladder
Urologiia. 2004;(6):45-47
45-47
Specific features and difficulties of diagnosis andsurgical treatment of urogenital echinococcosis
Urologiia. 2004;(6):47-49
47-49
Updated treatment of prostaticcancer stage T3N0M0 (part II)
Urologiia. 2004;(6):49-53
49-53
Stages in development of ureterosygmostomy - from Simon operation to currentconceptions of detubulized reservoirs
Urologiia. 2004;(6):53-57
53-57
Duloxetin - a new tool in pharmacotherapy of urinary incontinence in women
摘要
Urinary incontinence (UI) is represented clinically by stress, urgent,
mixed forms. Until recently, effective pharmacological treatment
of stress UI was absent. Now, attempts are made to try duloxetin
to raise efficacy of conservative treatment and quality of life in patients
with stress and mixed UI. A large, double blind, placebo-controlled,
randomized phase II trial provided data on efficacy of duloxetin
in the treatment of stress and mixed UI in women. Duloxetin
led to a decrease in the number of incontinence episodes, a rise in
quality of life. It was rather effective in severe UI. Phase III trial of
duloxetin in a dose 80 mg/day reduced the number of incontinence
episodes by 50% in most of the patients and in some of them cured
the patients.
Urologiia. 2004;(6):57-60
57-60
Recollection
Urologiia. 2004;(6):60-62
60-62
O. L. Tiktinsky, N. O. Tiktinsky.Urogenital traumas
Urologiia. 2004;(6):62-64
62-64