Vol 32, No 2 (2024)
Information Technology and Communications
Managing the rehabilitation of patients following joint replacement using remote support tools
Abstract
The article considers the approach to the development of an intelligent decision support system based on artificial intelligence technologies to manage the rehabilitation process in patients who have undergone joint endoprosthetic surgery. The paper focuses on the advantages of using complex intelligent systems in various industries requiring personalised approaches to the object, including medicine. The prospects for their further development are considered. The creation of a digital twin reflecting the key parameters of the object and its development trajectory from the moment of the first interaction with the system is proposed. The system, developed on the basis of software and instrumental environments, provides the possibility of remote observation and correction of the recovery plan by specialists, which represents a significant advantage compared to traditional methods. In order to ensure the adaptability of the system and the actualisation of the proposed solutions, control over the patient's condition and adaptation of treatment programmes is achieved by means of periodic and unscheduled checking of the object indicators. This is achieved by comparing the indicators obtained as a result of video data analysis with the normalised indicators of the system. The developed system analyses video recordings, performs movement analysis and adapts rehabilitation measures depending on the obtained data on the patient's motor activity in real time. The proposed method offers the potential to enhance the precision and personalisation of rehabilitation approaches, thereby facilitating greater accessibility and efficacy in treatment. The integration of artificial intelligence elements into clinical practice presents a promising avenue for optimising rehabilitation processes.
6-24
Methods of multi-criteria optimization of technological objects: a systematic review of scientific publications for the period 2013–2023
Abstract
The article presents a systematic review of scientific articles devoted to applications of multi-criteria optimization methods, published in open sources in 2013-2023, conducted in accordance with the PRISMA recommendations. The main optimization methods with respect to a set of conflicting objective functions, such as energy efficiency, accuracy of achieving final states, economic feasibility, reliability of operation, compliance with environmental standards, etc. are considered. Particular attention is paid to the theoretical foundations and practical applications of these methods aimed at increasing the efficiency of technological processes and improving the quality of decisions. The main objective of the review is to analyze the current state of research in this area, to identify trends and limitations in the use of multi-criteria methods for optimization of specific technological processes and objects. The study showed that, despite significant progress in the development of the theoretical foundations of multi-criteria optimization, the number of works aimed at applying these methods to real technological problems remains limited. The article emphasizes the importance of further research and development aimed at adapting optimization methods to the specific features of technological processes. This review aims to provide a deeper understanding of current trends and issues related to the application of multi-objective optimization methods to improve technological processes, thereby contributing to the development of research in this promising area.
25-47
Morphological analysis of system studies of automatic space applications in a synergetically disturbing environment
Abstract
The article considers the use of a new methodological cognitive-variable synergetic (CVS) approach to the analysis of the problems of the theory of systems research conducted on board automated spacecraft (AS) [1]. The methodological basis of the CVS approach is based on cybernetic [2]and synergetic [3] theories of dynamic systems management, as well as the methodology of proactive management of the functioning of complex technical objects (STO), based on the concept of integrated modeling of STO [2]. The results of the previously conducted morphological analysis of the problems of the theory of systemic cybernetic studies of the movement of dynamic systems are known, presented in the form of a morphological tree containing four branches (modeling-analysis-observation-choice) and leaves (particular tasks) [4]. The number of tasks is determined by the interaction of the control system (environment) with four types of effects of the disturbing environment – deterministic, stochastic, purposeful and with unknown characteristics - in the formation of input effects on the control system. The CVS approach is based on the use of a new type of environment in the management of dynamic systems – synergetically disturbing. To display the new environment and tasks on the morphological tree of problem analysis, in addition to the existing tasks of systemic cybernetic research, new leaves are introduced - particular tasks of systemic synergetic research. The paradigm of problem analysis is formed on the basis of knowledge, management experience and system research aimed at solving the problem of providing resources for on-board AS systems and the stability of their functioning during flight.
The goal–setting of a new methodological approach to the analysis of the problems of the theory of systems research is aimed at the rational use of the main structural and functional resources of the BS, obtaining synergetic resources and preventing failures caused by calculated and non-calculated abnormal processes. Further, synergetic will be called such a type of resources that is formed by spontaneous self-organization of processes in management systems and transformed into purposeful self-organization in objectively existing multi-place relationships describing synergetic interactions and interrelations during the movement of processes in a synergetically disturbing external environment [5, 6].
48-75
Integrated evaluation of the functioning quality of robotic agricultural vehicle system
Abstract
The article proposes to use a method for evaluating the effectiveness (Data Envelope Analysis) of a system of robotic agricultural vehicles, which is based on solving the problem of fractional linear programming when analyzing a set of homogeneous production facilities. This method is used for an integrated assessment of the quality of service of robotic vehicles according to the specified key parameters of functioning. The main parameters of the effectiveness of the system of robotic agricultural vehicles are selected: the coefficient of technical readiness, operational speed, downtime in maintenance and repair, the average daily duration of the car, the average monthly mileage of the vehicle, the remaining life of the car, the unit cost of maintenance and specific cargo displacement. Solving systems of linear equations makes it possible to determine the position of each analyzed object relative to the efficiency boundary in a multidimensional parameter space. The solution of the Bunker-Charnes-Cooper problem has been completed. Sets of target changes in the parameters of robotic cars have been obtained, which transfer objects to the efficiency boundary. The analysis of the parameters is carried out by constructing diagrams of production capabilities in a multidimensional space. For two periods of operation of the robotic vehicle system for an agro-industrial enterprise, the Malmquist index was calculated to assess the dynamics of operational efficiency.
76-88
Energy and Electrical Engineering
Induction heating system of massive rings before rolling
Abstract
The work examines an induction heating system for a large ring in a rectangular coil. The end surface of the workpiece is located horizontally. To form a uniform temperature distribution in the workpiece pushed into the inductor, a rotation mechanism is used. Conducted studies of the distribution of heat generation power and temperature in the workpiece showed the need to reduce the field strength in the hole area. A solution to the problem was found through the use of magnetic cores in the inductor design, displacing currents in the workpiece beyond areas prone to overheating. The obtained results of modeling electromagnetic and thermal fields in the workpiece confirm the correctness of the design solution.
89-102
Optimization of combined algorithms control electric drives of installations natural gas cooling
Abstract
The relevance of the problem of reducing energy consumption by electric drives of natural gas cooling units at compressor stations of main gas pipelines is substantiated. The possibility of solving this problem with the help of a combined control system containing two groups of gas air cooling devices is considered: with continuously and discretely controlled speed of electric fan drives. An algorithm for control that is optimal according to the criterion of maximum power savings is obtained, taking into account the peculiarities of temperature distribution along the length of the heat exchanger of the cooling apparatus. It is shown that under conditions of restrictions on control actions, the optimal control algorithm consists of several intervals. Relationships were obtained for calculating the optimal speed of electric fan drives of the first group, the number of switched on electric fan drives of devices of the second group, and power savings at individual control intervals. The influence of the number of devices with continuous fan speed control on the amount of power savings was assessed. The possibility of using a simplified methodology for assessing energy savings based on average indicators of the operating mode of a cooling installation is discussed.
103-118
Measurement of pulse current during high voltage tests using Rogowski coil with non-inverting integrator
Abstract
The work is devoted to the development and modelling of the system of pulse current measurement during high-voltage tests and experiments. The proposed measurement system is based on the application of Rogowski coil with non-inverting integrator. The results of numerical modelling of the developed current measurement system are compared with the results of application of a low-inductance shunt resistor, Rogowski coil with passive RC-integrator and Rogowski coil with inverting active integrator in similar measurement systems. Various standard pulse currents including steep edge pulse (1/20 µs), large amplitude current pulse (4/10 µs), lightning pulse current (8/20 µs), switching pulse current (30/80 µs), and 1-3 ms pulse currents are modelled for the comparative test. From the simulation results, it follows that the developed Rogowski coil with the proposed non-inverting integrator has sufficiently high accuracy in a wide frequency band overlapping the frequency band of standard pulse currents in high-voltage tests.
119-128
Influence of the quality of electrical energy on the operation of the main elements of electric arc plasma systems for thermochemical fuel preparation
Abstract
The work is devoted to the study of the influence of the quality of electrical energy on the service life of electrodes of plasma thermochemical fuel treatment systems used in thermal power plants running on coal fuel. The issues of moving the near-electrode plasma section using magnetic wave scanning are discussed in detail. The ANSYS Maxwell software was used as the main research tool. The computer simulation was performed with the following main experimental parameters: the coefficient of asymmetry in the zero sequence (K0U) is 2% and 4%; the coefficient of asymmetry in the negative sequence (K2U) is 2% and 4%; the voltage deviation dU(+) is 5% and 10%; the materials used for manufacturing electrodes: copper (Cu), a pseudo-alloy of tungsten, nickel and copper – (W + Ni + Cu), a pseudo-alloy of molybdenum, tungsten and copper – (Mo + W+ Cu). Based on the obtained simulation results, graphical representations of changes in the trajectories of the near-electrode plasma section under various distorting factors, dependences of changes in the values of specific erosion of various electrode materials, graphical dependences of changes in the service life of electrodes of plasma systems are constructed. The studies performed using computer modeling based on the ANSYS Maxwell software product made it possible to quantify the effect of voltage distortions on the trajectory of the near-electrode plasma section and, consequently, the service life of the plasmatron electrodes. In particular, in the course of the study, a detailed assessment and analysis of the degree of influence of the following indicators of electrical energy quality was performed: the coefficients of asymmetry in the negative and zero sequence, voltage deviations on the operation and technical condition of the electrodes of plasma systems. The results of the study were discussed, and recommendations were formulated for the use of plasma thermochemical fuel preparation systems used at thermal power plants to ignite the fuel of pulverized coal boilers.
129-151