Nanoindustry

A new design of scanner for atomic force microscope-satellite is proposed and worked out. The scanner is intended to work for several years in autonomous mode in open space to study orbits for the content of micro- and nanoparticles of dust and is based on profilometer as one of the scanning axes. The microscope equipped this scanner is designed and tested for resistance to overloads up to 50g at launch, power consumption of no more than 1 W from solar batteries, resistant to streams of fast solar plasma ions, has a large scanning field of the open-to-space mirror for detection and study of particles falling on it even if their number is small. It is shown that the inductive sensor with linear drive used in profilometers with a linear drive of several tens of millimeters can be upgraded to a resolution of 1 nm, both in relief heights by reducing the magnetic gap and laterally by using ultra-sharp diamond needles with a tip of several atoms at the end. The use of a second linear actuator for the second coordinate provides line-by-line scanning of large areas with nanometre accuracy and with the number of dots up to 10 Gigapixels, while scanning one frame in a few days is quite acceptable for a space experiment lasting several years in autonomous mode. New methods of measuring hardness of bulk materials and thin films, which have a number of fundamental advantages and do not require any other devices in presence of profilometers or probe microscopes, have been developed when selecting the microscope mirror material. Mock-ups of the main units of the new scanner were manufactured and tested, which showed its performance in principle and made it possible to start patenting and manufacturing of the flight version of the autonomous space atomic force microscope, which claims to be "the first in the world".

. Colloidal photonic crystal structures are a promising material for nanoengineering. The goal of the work was to create a set of scalable equipment for the synthesis of monodisperse colloidal particles and the production of superlattices from them. The authors presented a description of the kit, the results of a study of the structures and formulated recommendations for the design of equipment and the implementation of technological processes.

In SRC RF FSUE "Central Research Institute of Chemistry and Mechanics" has been developed a line of micromechanical linear acceleration sensors. The line includes sensors of three versions MMA-2, MMA-10 and MMA-30 with conversion ranges of ±20 m/s², ±100 m/s² and ±300 m/s² respectively. The sensors are intended for use as part of orientation, stabilisation and navigation systems in various products. The full range of tests confirming the declared technical characteristics and resistance to external influences has been carried out, and the operating design documentation for serial industrial engineering has been approved. The planned production value of these sensors is several thousand pieces per year.

In this work, nanosized magnesium carbonate stabilized by hydroxyethylcellulose was synthesized by chemical precipitation in an aqueous medium. Magnesium acetate was used as a precursor, and ammonium carbonate acted as a precipitant. We optimized the synthesis technique, as a result of which we obtained a ternary surface that characterizes the dependence of the average hydrodynamic radius of nanoparticles on the input parameters. The microstructure of the surface of the obtained samples was studied by scanning electron microscopy and it was found that the sample was formed by rod-shaped particles from 2 to 6 μm in length, the particle size of which varied from 20 to 50 nm. A study of the phase composition showed that the sample consists of 3 phases with different types of crystal lattices. To determine the optimal type of interaction between magnesium carbonate particles and hydroxyethylcellulose, computer quantum chemical modeling was carried out. It was found that the process of stabilization of nano-sized magnesium carbonate and hydroxyethylcellulose is energetically favorable and the interaction occurs through the hydroxyl group. Also, to confirm the modeling results, the samples were examined by Fourier transform IR spectroscopy. Analysis of the results revealed that the interaction of MgCO₃ nanoparticles occurs with the charged OH^– group.

The effect of a nanostructured coating formed by microarc oxidation on pistons of internal combustion engines on the exhaust gases toxicity has been studied. The role of nanoscale porosity in the mechanism of toxicity reduction has been revealed.