Diagnostics and treatment of neuroendocrine tumors of abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space (review of literature)


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Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) of the abdominal space and retroperitoneal space, as well as carcinoid tumors of different localization are not very common diseases, but their frequency of detection in the last 10-15 years has increased by 2-3 times. According to the secreted peptides, NETs are subdivided into the following main types: gastrinoma, somatostatinoma, glyukagonoma, VIPoma, insulinoma, and carcinoid tumors. There are also tumors not accompanied by clinical symptoms, which are called afunctional, and their frequency is 15-40% of the NETs. Modern approaches to the diagnosis of NETs using a wide arsenal of various methods are presented. The possibilities of surgical and medication treatment of NETs, including the use of somatostatin analogues (octreotide) are discussed. Octreotide drugs administration is effectually in the case of impossibility of performance of surgery or unresectable malignant NETs and their distant metastases. This therapy can stabilize the growth of tumors in 50%, and lead to partial or complete tumor regression in 10%. It is emphasized that the results of treatment of NETs is much better than treatment of other tumors of the abdominal space.

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