Cough in children. How and what to treat?


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Abstract

Acute respiratory diseases occupy a leading position among children’s diseases. This can be attributed to the fact that today more than 200 strains of respiratory infections that cause acute respiratory diseases are known, and new species are also emerging. As a result of low functional activity of mucociliary transport, acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) in children due to the development of inflammation are almost always accompanied by cough. However, there are many extrapulmonary diseases that occur with the development of this symptom. In cases of respiratory diseases in children, mucolytics are considered the drugs of choice for treating cough, because they are able to effectively thin the sputum, acting directly on its structure. In this group of drugs acetylcysteine has some advantages, and it is approved for use in patients over the age of two. In addition to mucolytic, it has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, fastening the recovery of patients. The drug reduces the frequency of bacterial complications in children with acute respiratory viral infections, preventing adhesion of bacteria to the epithelium of the upper respiratory tract and destroying the biofilms of all types of bacteria and fungi. In children under 2 years of age, phytogenic preparations based on medicinal plants can be used, the main properties of which are expectorant and secretolytic actions.

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About the authors

Svetlana I. Shatalina

Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)

Email: svetlanashatalina@mail.ru
PhD in Medical Sciences, Teaching Assistant at the Department of Children’s Diseases at the Faculty of General Medicine

M. B Aksenova

Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)

T. V Khlevchuk

Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)

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