Drug-induced diseases: approaches to diagnosis, correction and prevention. Pharmacovigilance


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Abstract

Drug-induced diseases (DIDs) are a variant of undesirable drug reactions that can increase mortality and/or morbidity and/or cause symptoms that force the patient to seek medical attention or lead to hospitalization. There are certain approaches to the management of patients that can improve the efficiency of diagnosis and prevention of DIDs. One of the key moments is accuracy in the pharmacological history taking. The pharmacological history should be accumulated from various sources: from the patient, relatives or guardian, caregiver; inspection of containers with medicines (drugs), blisters, packaging of drugs; various medical documents (extracts, conclusions of consultations of specialists, results of laboratory and instrumental studies), etc. Information in the medical history should include patient’s demographic data, social habits, allergic history; detailed information should be collected about all prescription and over-the-counter drugs taken by the patient during the previous 6 months, including those that he is no longer taking at the moment. A mandatory assessment of laboratory test data is also required. The main task in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of DIDs is to determine the possible causal relationship between taking the drug and the development of an undesirable side reaction. For these purposes, special scales and algorithms are used, for example, the Naranjo algorithm. The main principle of the correction of DIDs is the cancellation of the inducer drug or its replacement with another drug that does not have such side effects. The training of patients, the timely detection of adverse drug reactions by medical personnel and the spontaneous reporting of their development to the relevant executive authorities (pharmacovigilance) as required by law are critical for the prevention of the development of DIDs in the future.

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About the authors

D. A Sychev

Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapy

Olga D. Ostroumova

Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)

Email: ostroumova.olga@mail.ru
Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Therapy and Polymorbid Pathology

A. P Pereverzev

Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education

A. I Kochetkov

Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education

T. M Ostroumova

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)

M. V Klepikova

Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education

I. A Alyautdinova

Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education

I. V Goloborodova

A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry

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