No 16 (2012)

The article discusses the problem of diabetic neuropathy as one of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). According to a number of clinical studies, the prevalence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy is 30-50 % of all DM patients, and idiopathic neuropathy, according to some authors, is a marker of pre-diabetes. The role of timely diagnosis and early initiation of therapy for the successful treatment of diabetic neuropathy and prevention of development of serious DM complications is emphasized.

The article analyzes the main methods of treatment of acromegaly. Over the past decade, the advanced pharmacological agents that promote the normalization of impaired somatotropic function are actively introduced in a global endocrinological practice. This includes non-selective and selective dopamine agonists, somatostatin analogues and growth hormone receptor blockers. The main drug groups and the recommended regimen for their use are presented.

It is known that an adequate glycemic control reduces the incidence and progression of complications associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). However, at least half of the DM2 patients fail to achieve target levels of blood glucose, which is often associated with inefficiency of traditionally prescribed drugs in the maintenance of β-cell function. Therefore, effective management of DM2 requires new approaches to therapy and the search for new classes of drugs and their combinations. Clinical trials of drug saxagliptin, a representative of new class gliptins, showed not only its efficacy in reducing blood glucose levels and improving the function of β-cells, but also a low risk of hypoglycemia, no increase in the cardiovascular risk, a neutral effect on body weight; therefore, saxagliptin can be used as monotherapy or in combination with other oral antihyperglycemic drug or insulin, depending on the initial level of glycated hemoglobin. Currently, combination of metformin and gliptin is recognized as the most optimal combination for the treatment of DM2. Advantage of combination of saxagliptin and metformin is related to with complementary action of drugs, efficacy in all parameters of glycemic control, safety, including lower risk of hypoglycemia, lack of negative effect on body weight and cardiovascular risk.

Risedronate, a nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate, has high antifracture activity and reduces the risk of vertebral, nonvertebral fractures and hip fractures in established postmenopausal osteoporosis. According to the data on number, range and severity of side effects, risedronate did not differ from other bisphosphonates.

The present review considers the role of taurine in the metabolism, the consequences of the taurine deficiency, and the effects that are observed in restoration of taurine deficiency in the body. The contribution of taurine in the prevention and treatment of diabetes and its complications, as well as in reduction the cardiovascular risk are discussed.

The article presents data of published meta-analyses and systematic reviews on the effectiveness and safety of therapy with incretins, and the results of the combined measures of DM outcomes using different therapeutic approaches.

Currently, only according to incidence of outpatient visits, a number of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) account for more than 300 million in the world [1]. Over 90% of these patients suffer from type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). It is well known that DM2 is characterized by progressive course, and its prognosis depends on the timeliness, relevance and effectiveness of prescribed therapy. Leading specialists around the world came to an agreement on the initiation of drug therapy with the debut of the disease along with diet and physical activity. As a rule, oral hypoglycemic agents (OADs) are the drugs of choice in the first stage of treatment due to their usability, potentials for maximum maintenance of patient’s habitual lifestyle, and minimal impact on the quality of life [2]. Quite often, however, inadequate attention is paid to the patient’s motivation to adjust their habits and the correct perceive the disease. Since the early days of diagnosis of DM2, it is overwhelmingly important to form a correct concept of the disease as a progressive illness that requires daily attention, dietary intervention, physical activity, drug intake and possible intensification of therapy by a combination of two or three drugs, or transition to insulin therapy. During management of the patient, it is necessary to form a partner that can and must be directly and actively involved in the treatment process not only by change of lifestyle, but through self-control.

The results of the observation program, which was aimed to evaluation of the efficacy and safety of use of gliclazide MR (Diabeton MR) 60 mg for transfering the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) from Diabeton MR 30 mg, and dose titration of Diabeton CF 60 mg for the achievement of target glycemic control in the absence of the previous antihyperglycemic therapy are analyzed. The observation program showed that the use of Diabeton MR in optimal doses with sequential titration improves glycemic control in combination with the safety of therapy.