编号 5 (2012)

The article presents the data on epidemiological studies of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). The problems of growth of antibiotic resistance of major pathogens of respiratory tract infections in 1995-2009 are discussed. Comparison of the effectiveness of monotherapy with respiratory fluoroquinolones or combination of β-lactam antibiotic and macrolide in the initial treatment of CAP is of great interest.

Allergy is a condition of increased sensitivity of the animal organism in relation to a particular substance or substances (allergens) that develops with repeated exposure of these substances. The main allergic diseases include asthma, allergic rhinitis and conjunctivitis, pollinosis - allergy to plant pollen, atopic dermatitis, allergic edema, urticaria, anaphylaxis, food allergy. The features of course of pollinosis and approaches to its treatment are considered. Potentials for use of antihistamines, local and topical glucocorticosteroids in the treatment of pollinosis and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis are discussed.

The article considers the place of acute rhinitis (AR) in the pathology of childhood; it is emphasized that in newborns and infants, AR is always regarded as a systemic disease accompanied by serious, sometimes life-threatening complications. The features of treatment of AR in children are discussed. It is demonstrated that a balanced combination of irrigation and topical decongestants in the AR in children allow to significantly reduce the duration of use and number of vasoconstrictor drugs, to minimize their adverse effects and shorten the duration of treatment of disease.

The lecture for practitioners is devoted to assessment of the current state of the problem of fungus diseases of ENT organs. Features of clinical manifestations are presented; recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of fungus diseases of ENT organs using modern antifungal agents are proposed.

The article is dedicated to the problem of occupational bronchial asthma (OBA) - a chronic respiratory disease caused by agents acting on the respiratory tract in the workplace. Classification and the main etiological factors of OBA, pathogenesis, clinical symptoms, and diagnostic criteria for the disease are presented. Particular attention is paid to the stepwise therapy of asthma, which takes into account the etiologic factor, data of the immunological examination and the individual patients characteristics; prevention and medical and social assessment of the OBA are discussed.

The article presents the results of qualitative and quantitative analysis of the efficacy and safety of fixed combination of ibuprofen/paracetamol in the relief of fever syndrome (FS) and pain syndromes (PS) of various origins in the outpatient settings compared with monotherapy of these pathological states with ibuprofen and paracetamol. The study included 260 patients randomized to three parallel groups, each of which received one of the drugs. Groups were formed separately for patients with FS (n=130) and PS (n=130). It was found that combination of drugs ibuprofen/paracetamol has a marked antipyretic action after the first dose in patients with FS which is mounting after the second and third doses for the first day of observation, and from the second day of treatment was significantly higher than the similar effects of monotherapy. In patients with PS, a combination of ibuprofen/paracetamol after the first dose shows a pronounced analgesic effect that persists somewhat longer than that of monotherapy, and progressive increases after the second and third doses over the first day, and becomes stable, irreversible, and significantly higher than that of corresponding monotherapies on the third day of treatment. It is the author's opinion that this combination can be considered as a first-line symptomatic and pathogenetic therapy of FS and PS of various origins in the outpatient settings.