POLYPHENOLIC COMPONENTS OF THE RED WINE AS THE CORRECTOR OF THE INDUCED DISADAPTATION OF CELLULAR GENOME

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Purpose of the work: the study for the function of the red wine components as the correctors of an induced disadaptation of a cellular genome. Materials and methods of the study: the effects of stabilization of a cellular genome on the chromosome level with the course administering of red wine and standard promutagene dioxidine (300 mg/kg) were evaluated using a standard routine cytogenetic method on bone marrow cells of mice; pro-tective effect were studied at the genetic level in the Ames test on Salmonella typhimurium indicator strain; sodium azide was used as a standard mutagen (5 mg/cup). Results: while studying an anticlastogenic action we have found that a single administration of red wine at a dose of 3.6 ml/kg, the proportion of cells with signs of destabilization of the genome was 14.66±1.9%, including every 100 investigated cells with 5.33±0.3 cells with single chromosome damage, 2.66±0.5 cells with paired exchanges and 6.66±0.2 cells exchanges. During a five-day administration of the share cells with signs of destabilization of the genome amounted to 19.00±1.2%, the qualitative composition of metaphase material was as follows: 9.33±0.6 single fragment, 6.66±0.9 paired fragments, 3.00±0.6 exchanges per 100 cells. With increase of doses administered up to 36 ml/kg for a single administration amount of aberrant cells was increased and amounted to 28.33 ± 2.6%, while the spectrum of chromosomal damage included 13.33±0.9 single fragments, 7.0±0.3 paired fragments and 8.00±1.1 exchanges per 100 cells. During a five-day administration we found 14.20±0.7% of cells with damaged genome at the chromosomal level, including 5.20±0.7 cells with isolated fragments, 4.20±0.8 cells with binary fragments, 1.2±4.80 cells with exchanges for every 100 cells. When calculating the antimutagenic effect of red wine we have found a potential reduction in the number of chromosomal aberrations, most evident in its course administration at a dose of 36 ml/kg. While studying the effects of the elimination of genotoxicity in the Ames test we found that with co-incubation of the mutagen, the indicator strain and red wine at doses of 0.1 and 1 l/cup fold excess number of revertants in the experience of the positive control was less than 1.5 and a geometric mean did not differ from the positive control. At doses of 10, 100 and 1000 l/cup was 1.79 fold excess; 2.25 and 2.75, respectively. Conclusion: thus, the results of the study of a red wine in the range of doses under investigation show a dose-dependent effect on the elimination of genomic disadaptation on the level of genetic organization of hereditary material. Based on the characteristics of the strain indicator and in view of the mechanism of the observed genotoxicity, the leading element of which is the increase of intracellular level of reactive oxygen forms, it can be assumed that the revealed antimutagenic effect is associated with the antioxidant effect of polyphenol components of red wine, which is coincide with cytogenetic studies.