THYROID STATUS OF PATIENTS WHO UNDERGO ALLERGEN-SPECIFIC IMMUNOTHERAPY

Abstract

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Purpose of the work: was to determine the influence of the first course of an allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) on the condition of thyroid status and level of antibodies to thyroglobulin in patients with allergic pathology. Material and methods: the group consisted of patients (N = 40) aged 16 to 57 years diagnosed with allergic diseases, aimed at the first course of ASIT. Patients with thyroid cancer were excluded from the study. Evaluation of thyroid status included the measurement of levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (T3sv) free tetraiodothyronine (T4 sv) and anti-thyroglobulin (TG) before and after the treatment. All patients were divided into two age groups. The first group consisted of patients aged 16 to 30 years, and the second included the patients from 31 to 57 years old. Also, all the patients were divided into three groups depending on the number of allergens obtained during ASIT. The first group consisted of patients receiving an allergen, in the 2nd, respectively two, and a third group of three patients received the allergen. The treatment duration was 1 year. (1st course ASIT). Results: the study found that administering of a first course of ASIT is associated with a significant increase in the level T3sv (p = 0.02) from 2.9 to 3.2 pg/ml TSH (p = 0.048) from 1.1 to 1.2 mcIU/ml. When comparing the level T4sv in patients before and after treatment was significant decrease in its (p = 0.04) from 1.0 to 0.8 ng/dL. Furthermore, we observed that carrying out the first course of ASIT using more than two allergens associated with a significant increase in serum antibodies to TG (p = 0.04) to 1.9 (two allergen) to 29.1 mcIU/ml three allergen). Conclusions: ASIT prescription to patients who have allergic diseases is accompanied by changes in thyroid status and affects the content of anti-TG antibodies, which should be considered by clinicians in the prescription of the therapy in order to prevent possible complications during treatment.