OMEGA-3 POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS IN HYPOLIPIDEMIC ANDANTI-ARRHYTHMIC THERAPY

Abstract

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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of mortality throughout the world. According to the experts’ forecasts the number of deaths of CVD in the world is growing on the account of mortality rate growth among male population of the planet up to 24.2 mln by 2030. The study for the drugs, which have anti-arrhythmic action and normalize a lipid exchange is of significant interest. Omacor is the only one prescription product registered in Russia which contains omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Purpose of the work was to conduct a comparative analysis of clinical efficacy of hyperlipidemia correction with omacor and simvastatin for patients with IHD with postinfarction cardiosclerosis together with defects. Materials and methods of the study: we have observed 90 men aged from 51 to 59 (55.1+4.8) with IHD, postinfarction cardiosclerosis, and primary left arterial enlargement (LAE) in the setting of rhythm disturbance. All patients who participated in the study were divided into 2 groups, which were formed by means of randomization: one group received simvastatin at dose 10 mg, and the other received omacor at daily dose 4 g. Results: as the result of the study conducted, while the correction of IIB and IV types of LAE with simvastatin and omacor we have established a prognostically significant manifestation rate of antitrigliceridemic effect of drug. After the therapy of patients with IV type of LAE with omacor during 8, 16, and 24 weeks we established the decrease of TG level by 38.4% (p<0.05), 39.2% (p<0.05), 42% (p<0.05) correspondingly. After the therapy of patients with II type of LAE during 8, 16, and 24 weeks we established the decrease of TG level by 35.5% (p<0.05), 35.6% (p<0.05), 36.4% (p<0.05) correspondingly. The analysis of the changes of a number of supraventricular rhythm disturbances revealed that after an 8-week therapy course with ω-3 PUFA we managed to decrease the quantity of supraventricular extrasystoles by 43.9% (p<0.05), bigeminal pulse episodes by 63.5% (p<0.05), trigeminy by 83.7% (p<0.05). Further study of an omacor effect for the manifestation of ventricular and supraventricular extrasystole after 12-week and 24-week therapy has shown the gradual growth of an anti-arrhythmic action. The quantity of supraventricular extrasystoles decreased by 49.9% (p<0.05), ventricular extrasystoles by 66.4% (p<0.05). Conclusion: Thus, the presence of a significant antitrigliceridemic effect for the correction of IIB and IV type of LAE in combination with anti-arrhythmic effect on the manifestation of ventricular and supraventricular extrasystoles make its use reasonable and pharmacoeconomically justified.