Stevens–Johnson syndrome as etiological factor in development of external auditory canal cholesteatoma: a case report

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Stevens–Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis are severe acute mucocutaneous reactions driven by type IV hypersensitivity. Both conditions may be associated with medications or infectious agents. This article presents a clinical case involving a 26-year-old female patient who developed an external auditory canal cholesteatoma following an episode of Stevens–Johnson syndrome. The cholesteatoma presented for an extended time under the guise of otitis externa and was not diagnosed promptly, ultimately leading to extensive bilateral defect of the external auditory canal walls. Due to the limited coverage of otolaryngologic complications of Stevens–Johnson syndrome in the scientific sources, we additionally conducted a review of Russian and international publications addressing external auditory canal cholesteatoma associated with prior Stevens–Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis. External auditory canal cholesteatoma occurs in approximately 1 in 1000 otologic patients and accounts for 0.3% of all temporal bone cholesteatomas. It consists of desquamated stratified squamous epithelium and is characterized by progressive bone erosion. It may be classified as idiopathic, secondary, or associated with external auditory canal atresia. Clinical manifestations may include otorrhea and otalgia; however, in many cases, external auditory canal cholesteatoma may be asymptomatic. Surgical treatment is the only method of managing the disease that leads to its resolution and prevents potential complications.

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作者简介

Ekaterina Pchelenok

Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: epchelenok@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1021-5403
SPIN 代码: 8948-5418

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

Sergey Kosyakov

Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education

Email: Serkosykov@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7242-2593
SPIN 代码: 9349-4250

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

Lada Lyaskanova

Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education

Email: ladaliaskanova@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0002-9114-508X
SPIN 代码: 5967-3646
俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

Alina Voronkova

Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education

Email: alina.yurievna.vrn@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0001-9119-292X
俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

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2. Fig. 1. Multislice computed tomography scan of the right temporal bone, axial view. The arrow indicates posterior external auditory canal wall destruction with extension into the mastoid air cells.

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3. Fig. 2. Multislice computed tomography scan of the left temporal bone, axial view. The arrows indicate opacification in the external auditory canal consistent with cholesteatoma.

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