The efficacy of inclusion of chronic atrophic gastritis and Helicobacter pylori infection screening in health survey programs

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Abstract

Chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) is the preneoplastic condition of gastric mucosa (GM). At the same time, the most frequent cause of HG is H. pylori infection.

The aim: to evaluate the efficacy of including the screening of CAG and H. pylori infection in the adult dispensarization to Identify stomach cancer in early stages.

Material and methods. The study included 1705 persons aged 21–81 years, whom were performed analyses of pepsinogen-I (PG-I), PG-II, gastrene-17 (M-17) and IgG antibodies to H. pylori in the blood serum. Persons with serological features of atrophy underwent the procedure of EGDS with GM biopsy according to OLGA standards. For H. pylori detection in biopsy samples, painting with hematoxylin and eosine by Romanovsky–Gymza was made.

Results. Obtained data, taking into account the methods of examination (serological method, morphological method of GM evaluation, calculation method) indicates that the prevalence of CAG among the adult population is 5,3%. As a result of the screening, the following cases were identified: 1 case (2,1% among CAG patients) of high degree dysplasia, 1 case (2,1%) – low-degree dysplasia, 2 cases (4,2%) – CAG with malignant stomach neoplasms, including 1 case of type 1 neuroendocrine tumor and 1 – with adenocarcinoma in situ. In all these 4 patients serological and morphological features of CAG were found. Serological markers of H. pylori infection (IgG antibodies) were found in 59,2% (1010 of 1705) cases, while 59,6% (56 of 94) - among individuals with laboratory criteria of CAG, in 47,9% (23 of 48) – in case of the presence of CAG histological signs. Maximal level of IgG (EIU) antibodies was fixed in middle (Me=72; 25–104), elderly (Me=39; 10–91) and senile age (ME=117; 101–132).

Conclusion. Screening of CAG and H. pylori infection with PG-I, PG-II, M-17 and IgG antibodies to H. pylori detection, followed by histological verification, serves as an effective version of screening program of stomach precancerous diseases and gastric cancer in the framework of the health survey of adult population of Russia. Target age group of the screening program are persons over 45 years.

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About the authors

Igor G. Bakulin

I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia

Email: igbakulin@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6151-2021

MD, professor, head of the Department of propaedeutics of internal diseases, gastroenterology and dietology named after S.M. Ryss

Russian Federation, 191015, Saint Petersburg, 41 Kirochnaya Str.

Anastasia G. Sushilova

I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia

Email: Anastasiya.s1311@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7277-5046

postgraduate student of the Department of propaedeutics of internal diseases, gastroenterology and dietology named after S.M. Ryss

Russian Federation, 191015, Saint Petersburg, 41 Kirochnaya Str.

Alexander V. Zharkov

I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia

Author for correspondence.
Email: al.zharkov@bk.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6649-0928

PhD in Medical Sciences, assistant at the Department of propaedeutics of internal diseases, gastroenterology and dietology named after S.M. Ryss

Russian Federation, 191015, Saint Petersburg, 41 Kirochnaya Str.

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig.1. Prevalence of chronic atrophic gastritis in different age groups

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3. Fig.2. ROC curve characterizing the dependence of the probability of histological detection of H. pylori on the presence of IgG antibody titer

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