Expert consensus: diagnosis of osteoporosis and sarcopenia in elderly and senile patients (abridged version)

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Abstract

As a person is aging, he is getting a progressive decline in bone mineral density, muscle mass, and strength, which is predisposing to the risk of osteoporosis and sarcopenia. Osteoporosis could be characterized by low bone mass and bone microarchitecture deterioration, while sarcopenia represents loss of muscle mass, strength, and function. Consequences for an individual suffering from both conditions together include an increased risk of falls, fractures, frequent hospitalizations and a high risk of death. Of particular interest in the current situation is a new method for diagnosing osteoporosis – radiofrequency echographic multispectrometry (REMS), which has a number of advantages, such as safety due to the absence of radiation exposure and portability, as well as relatively low cost. Presented consensus describes epidemiology, clinical consequences, and current methods for diagnosing osteoporosis and sarcopenia in the elderly.

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About the authors

Natalya V. Sharashkina

Russian Gerontology Research and Clinical Center of N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia

Author for correspondence.
Email: sharashkina@inbox.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6465-4842

PhD in Medical Sciences, head of the Laboratory of general geriatrics of Russian Gerontological Research and Clinical Center, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia

Russian Federation, Moscow

Anton V. Naumov

Russian Gerontology Research and Clinical Center of N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia

Email: naumov_av@rgnkc.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6253-621X

MD, head of the Laboratory of musculoskeletal system pathology of Russian Gerontological Research and Clinical Center, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia

Russian Federation, Moscow

Ekaterina N. Dudinskaya

Russian Gerontology Research and Clinical Center of N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia

Email: dudinskaya_en@rgnkc.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7891-6850

MD, head of the Laboratory of age-related metabolic and endocrine disorders of Russian Gerontological Research and Clinical Center, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia

Russian Federation, Moscow

Natalya O. Khovasova

Russian Gerontology Research and Clinical Center of N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia

Email: khovasova_no@rgnkc.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3066-4866

PhD in Medical Sciences, researcher at the Laboratory of musculoskeletal system pathology of Russian Gerontological Research and Clinical Center, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia

Russian Federation, Moscow

Linda G. Tokareva

Russian Gerontology Research and Clinical Center of N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia

Email: tokareva_lg@rgnkc.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0002-0832-6585

researcher at the Laboratory of musculoskeletal system pathology of Russian Gerontological Research and Clinical Center, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia

Russian Federation, Moscow

Alina R. Polyanskaya

Russian Gerontology Research and Clinical Center of N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia

Email: polyanskaya_ar@rgnkc.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3606-0315

researcher of the Laboratory of musculoskeletal system pathology of Russian Gerontological Research and Clinical Center, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia

Russian Federation, Moscow

Yulia S. Onuchina

Russian Gerontology Research and Clinical Center of N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia

Email: onuchina_ys@rgnkc.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0556-1697

PhD in Medical Sciences, researcher at the Laboratory of age-related metabolic and endocrine disorders of Russian Gerontological Research and Clinical Center, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia

Russian Federation, Moscow

Mikhail Y. Lysenkov

Russian Gerontology Research and Clinical Center of N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia

Email: lysenkov_mu@rgnkc.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0004-2638-8063

doctor at the Department of radiology of Russian Gerontological Research and Clinical Center, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia

Russian Federation, Moscow

Dmitry V. Demenok

Russian Gerontology Research and Clinical Center of N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia

Email: demenok_dv@rgnkc.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9837-4224

head of the Department of radiation diagnostics of Russian Gerontological Research and Clinical Center, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia

Russian Federation, Moscow

Anastasia V. Sorokina

Russian Gerontology Research and Clinical Center of N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia

Email: sorokina_av@rgnkc.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0003-4697-4417

researcher at the Laboratory of musculoskeletal system pathology of Russian Gerontological Research and Clinical Center, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia

Russian Federation, Moscow

Nadezhda K. Runikhina

Russian Gerontology Research and Clinical Center of N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia

Email: nkrunihina@rgnkc.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5272-0454

MD, deputy director of Russian Gerontological Research and Clinical Center, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia

Russian Federation, Moscow

Olga N. Tkacheva

Russian Gerontology Research and Clinical Center of N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia

Email: tkacheva@rgnkc.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4193-688X

MD, professor, corresponding member of RAS, director of Russian Gerontological Research and Clinical Center, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia

Russian Federation, Moscow

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Algorithm for diagnosing sarcopenia [7]

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3. Fig. 2. Criteria for osteosarcopenia [13]

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4. Fig. 3. Algorithm for diagnosing osteosarcopenia [13]

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