Phenotyping of patients with arterial hypertension based on the renal filtration function and arterial stiffness using cluster analysis

Arterial hypertension (AH) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) mutually aggravate each other, forming a cardiorenal continuum with a high risk of complications. Study of their correlation through the prism of arterial stiffness is relevant for stratifying such kind of patients and optimizing their therapy.

The aim of the research is phenotyping patients with AH basing on the condition of renal filtration function and elastic properties of arterial wall using cluster analysis (CA) and determination of the clinical features of identified phenotypes.

Material and methods. A sample of 203 patients with stable AH aged 50.5 ± 6.9 years underwent CA on two input parameters: glomerular filtration rate and pulse arterial pressure.

Results. Three phenotypes of AH were identified: 1st – preserved renal filtration function and arterial elasticity, 2nd – reduced renal filtration function and arterial elasticity, 3rd – impaired renal filtration function and preserved arterial elasticity. The 2nd phenotype of patients was characterized by the most unfavorable clinical profile.

Conclusion. Performed CA allowed us to identify three clinically significant phenotypes of AH. The combination of reduced renal filtration function and increased arterial stiffness is associated with the maximum cardiovascular risk.