Vol 3, No 9 (2018)

URBAN STORIES

M.G. DIKANSKY - ATTEMPT OF BIOGRAPHY

Bondarev A.G., Filippov V.D.

Abstract

The article considers some priorities in today’s presentation of the history of the emergence of urban science in pre-revolutionary Russia. The author made an attempt consistently identify misconceptions and misunderstandings that accompany the description of the personality of the brightest, but also the most unknown representative from the galaxy of pioneers of the theory of urban planning in Russia, Mikhail Grigoryevich Dikansky. Using previously established facts, newly opened archival materials and Dikansky’s works, the author formulates Dikansky’s biography. Some of the materials, including Dikansky’s article “City Plan and Housing Problem”, which has not lost its relevance to present day, are first published in modern scientific literature.

Innovative Project. 2018;3(9):6-30
pages 6-30 views

URBAN SPACE

RATIONAL NATURE MANAGEMENT AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT OF THE PERIPHERAL URBAN AREAS OF SAMARA

Zhogoleva A.V., Polukeeva T.S.

Abstract

World urban development practice pays more and more attention to the problem of rational use of land from the point of view of maximally preserving their natural uniqueness. This issue is particularly relevant in an urbanized environment. As cities rapidly grow, the degree of degradation of existing natural resources is increasing. Territories with a complex natural topography (ravines, mountains, caves, slopes), natural water bodies (rivers, lakes), forest lands in conditions of intensive urbanization are of high ecological, recreational, and health-related importance. It is a valuable urban development resource for the modern city. The tasks of its conservation, sustainable development, and use are urgent for the district planning, urban regulation and design. The author dwells upon the Krasnoglinsky district in Samara to make an attempt to analyze the features of the development of the regional territory, identify its urban resources, formulate the prerequisites for their competent development and rational nature management.

Innovative Project. 2018;3(9):32-40
pages 32-40 views

THE CITY & PEOPLE

INTERPRETATION OF ARCHITECTURAL WORKS

Orlov D.N., Orlova N.A.

Abstract

The work is devoted to the problem of architectural form as a method of communication. A special role in this process is given to the context as the source and basis of the semantic field that forms the content and way of reading the signs contained in the architectural form. The role of interpretation in the process of translating impressions from the direct, index perception of architecture is shown. The conclusion from the proposed arguments is the need for an external field of values in relation to the local context. The complexity of the communication process in the current situation consists in the loss of this generalizing macro-language.

Innovative Project. 2018;3(9):42-50
pages 42-50 views

CITY IN MOTION

HOW TO REGENERATE THE HISTORICAL ENVIRONMENT OF RUSSIAN CITIES: PARTICIPATION AND REGULATION TOOLS

Lashchenko S.V., Repina E.A., Grozovsky B.V.

Abstract

The historical environment of Russian cities is in decline. Buildings are regularly demolished; the territory of old centers is reduced. Neither experts nor the authorities have an idea of how to preserve and develop the historical parts of cities. Meanwhile, foreign and partly Russian practice allows us to highlight the tools for the regeneration of the historical environment. They were discussed at the 9th International Forum “Urban Growth and Preservation of Heritage along the Eurasian Corridor (Silk Road)” in Samara (October 2017) by Russian experts in the field of architecture, urban planning and urban studies. These are, firstly, instruments of participation (participatory design and participatory budgeting), and secondly, regulatory instruments (master plan, zoning, an instrument that protects groups of environmental objects, and a historical settlement that allows you to comprehensively regulate the entire historical center with its environmental objects, not just monuments). The article also considers the impact of social capital on the development of the urban environment and discusses which principles of the historical quarter can be applied in modern design.

Innovative Project. 2018;3(9):52-68
pages 52-68 views

CITY WITHOUT THE CITY

SPECULATIVE GROWTH OF CONSERVATION NARRATIVES

Mannisi A.

Abstract

As culture appears in governmental policy when its disappearance starts, heritage becomes a concern when its local meaning vanishes. Moreover, globalization usually reveals the ignorance on the cultural legacy accelerated by its instrumentalised branding. Moreover, this vision of economic trade fails to resolve these issues of intangible heritage. Above all, since there is no future without past, like the sustainability of environment, and that cities and territories of the Silk Road territories are defined by a good cohesion of these entities, the current critical issues are the establishment of good balances between the global world and the local heritage. Thus, the transverse degeneration of these geographical roots, territorial strategies, social management, and economic exchanges of the various globalizations seems exceptionally fragile in the 21st century. To the point that these counterexamples are now refused by responsible citizen movements considering such models of urban expansions that capitalistic corruption reigns over as the figures of ontological aberrations. To illustrate these phenomena in the Asian region, the following study takes three cases directly investigated on site: Japan as the symbol and symptom of the introduction of exogenous philosophy and practice which have altered its nature / culture relations of the 19th century to the point to entirely return to its indigenous environmental ethics; now stabilized, exports and reproduces the same errors in the heart of countries undergoing the similar drifts as rural Australasia. The state Island of Singapore, rich of a multi-ethnic community evolving in a neoliberal socialism, combines the ontologies that move each society to develop its territory from culturally appropriate practices to the pressures of a standardized educational system. This paradoxically leads its experts towards a universality of cultural landscapes posing the problem of urban and landscape alienation to unique market aims. The rowdy reinvention of the traditions devoted to the western hegemonic submission has profoundly damaged the cultural identity of South Korea’s urban, natural, and social environment. Example of exogenous diktats on fragile autochthonous practices by a corporate malpractice, South Korea raises the question of political governance and ecosophical resistances always ignored in globalization aims. From these three cases of territorial governance, we will consider what can be the sustainable growth and preservation policies within the vast Silk Road spaces.

Innovative Project. 2018;3(9):70-82
pages 70-82 views

WORKSHOP

ALTERNATIVE SCENARIOS OF HABITAT (ASH) - HOC EST VIVERE BIS, VITA POSSE PRIORE FRUI

Malakhov S.A., Repina E.A.

Abstract

The article considers the author’s concept of the architectural process based on the articulation of the conflict between the pragmatic attitudes of the system and the humanitarian values of architecture. Using the example of creative experiments of modernism masters and our own projects, we demonstrate the complex nature of the relationship between the aspirations of architects to express high meanings of culture and the concern of clients with the problem of survival and comfort. The authors feel justified consensus with the client when the architect still manages to maintain the draft the spirit to overcome the routine norms of the system and transform into a new form the ethos of dwelling in it. We are talking about the experience of creating such projects, which are based on the idea of changing insights, the shape of the house and, accordingly, the meaning of living in it. The author emphasizes the connection of this concept with the architectural experiments of two mutually integrated epochs: modernism and postmodernism, in the phenomenal history of which the task of architecture is reinterpreted, surpassing the current (and in General - profane) idea of architecture as the embodiment of the “generally accepted”. The design ideas of Le Corbusier, Mies van der Rohe, Theo van Dusburg, Gerrit Rietveld, Carlo Mollino, and other conceptual architects always show an attitude of opposition to “self-evident standards”, starting from the form and ending with the way of life. What we call “alternative scenarios of habitation” - ASH - can be considered as a unique reality that combines design developments and a special type of “new gesamtkunstwerk” that returns us to the idea of “transforming reality” by means of an artistic work, specifically, by means of an architectural form. In the proposed ASH concept, we rely on the theoretical research and design experiments of our joint workshop.

Innovative Project. 2018;3(9):84-110
pages 84-110 views

BRIEFLY

STAIRS. TO THE QUESTION ABOUT “CIVILIZATION SLOW” AND “CIVILIZATION QUICK”

Malakhov S.A.

Abstract

The article considers the opposition of the spiritual and the pragmatic. The second one does not pay attention to the distance between points A and B, while the first one is about the distance first of all. The pragmatic is “civilization QUICK” and the spiritual is “civilization SLOW.” The architectural analogue of this opposition is stairs, as an independent space of architectural adventure (archofunction), that is, literally slowing down the process of overcoming space by a person for the sake of being able to enjoy the effects of a meditative property.

Innovative Project. 2018;3(9):112-115
pages 112-115 views

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