Thermal field of the southern taiga landscape of the Russian plain

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Abstract

The technology of allocation of order parameters (invariants) of the spatial structure of the thermal field of the southern taiga landscape (Central Forest Nature Reserve) obtained on the basis of the analysis of the time series of measurements in the long-wave channel of Landsat satellites from 1986 to 2017 and reflecting its stationary state is considered. It is shown that the heat flux is measured by the satellite not directly from the forest crowns, but from the ground layer of the atmosphere, the state of which is determined by the parameters of the landscape. It is found that the invariant component of the spatiotemporal variation of the thermal field is displayed by two order parameters: the first mainly reflects the temperature of winter months, the second – of summer. The contribution of relief and vegetation to the determination of invariants and the autochthonous components of the thermal field determined by the transition zones between the landscape elements contrasting in thermal radiation are revealed. It is shown that the thermal field measured by the satellite reflects the heat flux from the ground layer of the atmosphere, which is in direct interaction with the landscape cover.

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About the authors

Yu. G. Puzachenko

Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: baybaranastasia@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, 33, Leninsky prospekt, Moscow, 119071

A. S. Baibar

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: baybaranastasia@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, 1, Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119991

A. V. Varlagin

Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: baybaranastasia@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, 33, Leninsky prospekt, Moscow, 119071

R. B. Sandlersky

Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: baybaranastasia@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, 33, Leninsky prospekt, Moscow, 119071

A. N. Krenke

Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: baybaranastasia@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, 29, Staromonetny, Moscow, 119017

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Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
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2. Fig. 1. The ratio of temperature, measured with Landsat, to temperature and heat flux, measured on a tower in the spruce forest.

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3. Fig. 2. Estimation of the dimension of the temperature variation space according to the scree method. 1 - described variation in percent, 2 - random process model.

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4. Fig. 3. The temporal dynamics of standardized regression coefficients for the first two components.

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5. Fig. 4. Spatial variation of the first two invariants, reflecting the temperature field in winter (1) and summer (2), reduced to the temperature of the coldest and warmest measurement terms.

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6. Fig. 5. Deviations of two invariants from the regression model.

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7. Fig. 6. Hierarchical levels of relief organization: (a) - territory relief; (b) - 3810/80 m; (c) - 1050/50 m; (g) - 450/30 m; (e) - 270/15 m; (e) - 150/5 m.

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8. Fig. 7. Relief effect (winter) R2 = 0.22: (a) - the thermal field described by the relief; (b) - thermal field not described by relief.

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9. Fig. 8. Influence of the relief (summer) R2 = 0.268: a is the thermal field described by the relief; b - thermal field not described by the relief.

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10. Fig. 9. The temperature field described by the relief, represented by two axes of discriminant analysis.

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11. Fig. 10. The ratio of the properties of vegetation and temperature in winter.

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12. Fig. 11. The ratio of the properties of vegetation and temperature in summer.

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13. Fig. 12. Classification of thermal fields without taking into account the effect of relief. High temperatures correspond to light tone, low temperatures correspond to dark tone.

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14. Fig. 13. The values of the invariants converted into the temperature of the warmest and coldest observation periods (in terms of winter temperatures).

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15. Fig. 14. Six types of invariants that highlight the boundaries of bogs and agricultural land.

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16. Fig.15. The values of the invariants converted into temperatures of the warmest and coldest observation periods, ordered by winter temperatures.

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