The Impact of Water Management on the Water Resources of the Sea Basins on the European Russia

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Abstract

The article examines the features of the spatial and temporal distribution of the influence of water management activities on the quantity of water resources and the quality of water in the basins of the seas washing the European Russia ’ s territory. As an indicator of water resources, the average long-term flow of rivers is used. The influence of water withdrawal and water consumption on it is assessed, as well as the impact on water quality of wastewater (including return water from irrigated fields) as one of the main sources of pollution of water resources. Water consumption and the wastewater volume are determined for two years: 1992 (the time of maximum water use for most regions of Russia) and 2020 (characterizing modern water use). The calculation is based on water management statistics data obtained from various reference books. A significant (almost double) decrease of anthropogenic impact on water resources in 2020 compared to 1992 is shown. However, as before, the most tense water management and hydroecological situation arises in the basins of the Azov and Caspian seas, although it is also unfavorable for individual river basins of the Baltic, White, Barents, and Black seas’ watersheds, especially in terms of water quality.

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About the authors

N. I. Koronkevich

Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: koronkevich@igras.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

K. V. Lukyanov

Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: kirill.lukyanov.96@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

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2. Fig. 1. Reduction of river flow. Note: The second calculation option is shown in a lighter color.

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3. Fig. 2. The ratio of wastewater in river runoff. Note: The second calculation option is shown in a lighter color.

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4. 3. The multiplicity of dilution of wastewater in the basins of the seas by river runoff resources, minus irretrievable water withdrawals.

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