Economic Security

The article presents the materials of the All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference “The 7th Senchagov Readings” on the topic “Russia's economic security: responding to new challenge” for scientists, specialists, academic staff and postgraduates, held in Moscow on March 23-24, 2023 in full–time and ZOOM format on the basis of the Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences and with the organizational and scientific participation of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, V.Ya. Kikot' Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg State University of Economics, Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University named after R.E. Alekseev, Section of Problems of Macroeconomics and Social Market Economy of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences and the Journal "Economic Security". The main directions of the forum discussion on the sectional direction "The social component of the economic security in modern Russia" are highlighted. The problems associated with the revision of the social policy priorities and the strengthening of the humanitarian component of labor policy in close connection with the policy of prices and incomes are noted. The authors consider the indicators of economic security assessment that are most significant in the conditions of the mobilization and post-war economy, such as the dynamics of prices for certain groups of goods and services that characterize the state and threats to the development of socio-economic security: inflation, real wages, healthcare, education, mortality and fertility.FUNDING.The article is based on the results of the All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference “The 7th Senchagov Readings” on the topic “Russia's economic security: responding to new challenge”. The article has been prepared in accordance with the topic of the state task Reg. No. RD 121030500096-5; Reg. No. ICRBS "New challenges and threats to socio-economic security: measures of budgetary and financial regulation".

The article examines the situation on the Russian automobile fuel market, which worsened by the end of summer 2023. The reasons for the rapid increase in wholesale and retail prices for gasoline and diesel fuel, as well as its impact on the socio-economic security of Russia, were analyzed. The measures of the Russian government that affect prices on the Russian automobile fuel market were considered. Their timeliness, consistency and effectiveness in reducing threats to Russia's socio-economic security were assessed. It is shown that in the absence of a clear concept of state pricing policy as part of Russia's socio-economic development strategy in an open market economy, price regulation in the highly monopolized motor fuel market is reduced to a series of ill-conceived and ineffective decisions that lead to contradictory results in terms of reducing threats to Russia's socio-economic security. Acknowledgments:The article has been prepared in accordance with the topic of the state task Reg. No. RD 121030500096-5; Reg. No. ICRBS \"New challenges and threats to socio-economic security: measures of budgetary and financial regulation\".

The relevance of the article is due to the need to form a new model of the economy based on technological sovereignty and a stable competitive position of Russian manufacturers in world markets. The hypothesis is considered that one of the main institutions of such a model are state corporations. As a result of empirical research, it was determined that the mechanisms used by state corporations include: activities in the field of high technology, creation of the most complete technological chains, consolidation of medium and small business companies around themselves, ensuring import substitution for key technologies and products, development of activity and projects of national importance, and participation in the creation and support of the necessary institutions. It is confirmed that these mechanisms make it possible to implement measures established by the state and theoretically justified for the formation of technological sovereignty. A number of institutional effects accompanying the activities of state corporations have been identified: the formation of the sectoral and technological structure of the economy, including the public and private sectors; creation of institutions for interaction between the defense and civilian sectors of industry; development of planning methodology at the state and corporate levels; formation of technology transfer systems; development of a model of technological sovereignty as a model of technological equality. The conclusion about the need for further institutionalization of the identified mechanisms and effects is made.

The article analyzes the human potential in terms of the economic development of Russia and its role in ensuring economic security. The study covers government measures aimed at developing human potential, as well as cultural and social factors influencing its formation. The article highlights the importance of further human development to stimulate economic growth and improve the lives of citizens. The factors contributing to the development of human potential, such as a rich cultural heritage, an emphasis on education and scientific heritage, are considered. The importance of developing policies and initiatives supporting access to education and vocational training for all citizens is analyzed. The conclusions emphasize that the further development of human potential in Russia will be essential for stimulating economic growth and improving the well-being of citizens.

The article presents an assessment of the measures taken on demographic problems in the Far East. The example of the Kamchatka Territory as a separate entity, which development is impossible without migrants, is considered. A comparative analysis of the results of previous studies in various constituent entities of the Russian Federation is carried out. The main phase of the study took place at the beginning of a special military operation on the territory of Ukraine. This indicates a sharp decrease in the flow of migrants and, as a result, a reduction in economic activity in the region. The study was conducted both through a personal survey of respondents (migrants and the local population, including those directly interested in the workforce) and remotely (by phone and by sending questionnaires by e-mail, including to employers).The results of the study were sent to the Government of the Kamchatka Territory and the Department of Internal Affairs of the Kamchatka Territory. The results of the study have found practical application for the development of a number of regulatory documents aimed at changing migration legislation in the framework of the implementation of the provisions of the Concept of State Migration Policy and economic development of the region.

The changing nature of competitive relations in the face of severe restrictions, the emergence of new business models of digital platforms, characterized by dynamism, innovation and increased market pressure on the competitive environment, require the development of methodological approaches to antitrust regulation that take into account the specifics of the markets. Based on an assessment of a cross-network effect, the interaction of user groups in transactions and the degree of openness of the platform to new participants, it is proposed to establish the geographical and commodity boundaries of the markets that the digital platform uses. The importance of conducting an analysis focused on future potential competition in digital markets is increasing in order to understand the trends in the development of the digital world. The experience of the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the Russian Federation of law enforcement in relation to digital platforms is reflected. The directions in the practice of regulating digital markets are shown. They are as follows: focusing efforts on collecting empirical data on competition and barriers to entry into technology markets, ensuring the protection of the interests of consumers of digital services as a prerequisite for compliance with the requirements of antitrust legislation. A set of tools for suppressing cartels at electronic auctions used in OECD member countries is presented. These tools include mitigation of penalties for providing information, digital screening, digital verification methods, and digital detection tools. The dynamics of the suppression of cartels at electronic auctions by the antimonopoly authorities in Russia is estimated.

The article touches upon the growing threat of destructive influence on the level of economic security from its independent threat, expressed in the form of an increase in the share of the shadow sector of the economy due to its main criminal structural element - drug trafficking. Attention is drawn to the fact that under these circumstances, there has been an increase in corruption-related crimes in the field of drug trafficking, which causes discrediting of all activities of state bodies engaged in countering drug trafficking and drug use not for medical purposes, thereby encouraging the development of a negative factor of drug corruption. The author focuses on the need to determine the impact of the indicator of corruption in government agencies to combat drug trafficking on the level of economic security of the region.The paper notes that it makes sense to consider the nature of the destabilizing impact of corruption in the field of drug trafficking in combination with individual indicators of the country's economic development. At the same time, it assumed that the availability of generalized statistical data is not able to reflect an accurate description of dependencies, since the data are limited to several years and influenced by a large number of economic factors. The interrelation of calculated values of indicators influencing the spread of illicit drug trafficking and the indicator of corruption in the region shown using regression, variance and cluster analysis methods, an assessment of the impact on the level of economic security given, which emphasizes the relevance of the research for the purposes of developing and making decisions in the field of anti-drug and corruption security

This scientific study reveals the importance of higher agricultural education and higher educational institutions of an agricultural profile for the development of the state’s economy. An institutional system for assessing the economic security of an agricultural higher education institution has been described. Based on the institutional system, a methodology for assessing the level of economic security is proposed> The methodology includes indicators, indices and threshold values. Recommendations and measures to increase the level of economic security by improving the indicators of areas of activity of the educational institution that require improvement are presented. The proposed measures are aimed at improving the scientific sphere of the educational institution, increasing the income of the university, strengthening international cooperation. It is recommended to introduce a system for monitoring and assessing the level of economic security of a higher educational institution.

The article examines anti-Russian trade and economic sanctions and their compatibility with WTO law in the context of promising scenarios for ensuring the economic security of the state. The organizational and budgetary structures of the WTO, as well as Russia's membership fees to the consolidated budget of the organization are considered.The advantages and responsibilities of Russia's membership in the WTO, including in the conditions of the sanctions regime, are analyzed. A comprehensive analysis of the trends in trade and economic sanctions against Russia and their causal relations in the context of WTO compatibility was conducted.Recommendations on scenarios for ensuring Russia's economic security in the context of trade and economic sanctions are proposed. The results of the study may be in demand by the legislative and executive authorities in the formation of foreign economic policy in the new economic model at the present stage.

The article considers the formation of an optimal mechanism for ensuring the economic security of investment and construction projects in the context of the effectiveness of interactions between the subjects of the relevant process.The features of ensuring the economic security of investment and construction projects are analyzed. A functional decomposition of investment and construction project management is proposed. The powers and obligations of participants in the investment and construction process have been clarified. The classification of risks of investment and construction projects in the aspect of measures aimed at reducing them has been updated.At the end of the study, an adaptive mechanism for ensuring the economic security of investment and construction projects is proposed, which contains the following elements-mechanisms: organizational and managerial, regulatory, financial and budgetary, investment, innovation and insurance.