FEATURES OF MAST CELL RESPONSE AND VEGF EXPRESSION IN THE SKIN DEPENDING ON THE POWER OF LASER EXPOSURE

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Introduction. Mast cells are markers of laser effects on tissues, since they respond to physical effects by degranulation, regulate microcirculation, transcapillary metabolism, tissue metabolism, neoangiogenesis due to secretion of enzymes, vasoactive mediators, growth factors. The vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF) is the main regulator of the interaction processes for enzymes and other growth factors during reparation and neoangiogenesis [1]. In the available literature there is no information on the parameters of non-damaging laser irradiation which can lead to a significant mast cell response and VEGF production in the skin. The aim of the work was to study the morphofunctional reactions of mast cells and the expression of VEGF in the skin after laser exposure to various powers. Material and methods. The experiment was carried out on 42 rats. Laser exposure was made on the area of the anterior abdominal wall. Groups of animals: 1) intact control 2) 970 nm CW laser exposure with 1, 3 and 5 W power. The animals were euthanized after 1 hour and 1 day after irradiation. After fixation and histological sectioning, the slides were stained with toluidine blue and immunohistochemically. The statistical significance of differences in the groups was assessed using the Mann-Whitney U-test. Results and discussion. The results of the study showed that laser irradiation in all cases caused a significant increase in mast cell degranulation in the abdominal skin. The significant increase in the MC degranulation index in the abdominal skin was registered 1 hour after irradiation with the increasing power of 1, 3, 5 W. The abdominal skin is directly accessible to laser irradiation, where the immediate effects associated with thermal processes may appear. The study of VEGF in the abdominal skin after 1 W power irradiation showed the increased VEGF expression in the dermis in 1 hour group and in all layers of the skin in 1 day group compared with the control. As for 3 and 5 W powers, an increase in VEGF expression was observedin all layers of the abdominal skin both for 1 hour and 1 day periods. For example in the dermis 1 day after 1 W power irradiation, VEGF expression was 0.22 (0.18; 0.29) r.u.; 3 W power - 0.33 (0.29; 0.38) r.u.; 5 W power - 0.38 (0.35; 0.44) r.u., i.e. the direct dose-dependent effect was observed. Considering VEGF influence on neoangiogenesis, we could suppose that enhanced expression of VEGF in the skin in response to laser irradiation formed a basis for the development of new blood vessels [1]. Conclusion. Dose-dependent increase of mast cell degranulation and VEGF expression occurred after laser irradiation of the abdominal skin of rats; 3 and 5 W power were preferred for stimulating of microcirculation and this parameters can increase the efficiency of laser therapy for vascular diseases.

About the authors

M G Kudrina

Multidisciplinary Center for Laser Medicine, Chelyabinsk

E S Golovneva

Multidisciplinary Center for Laser Medicine, Chelyabinsk; South Ural State Medical University, Chelyabinsk

L V Astakhova

Multidisciplinary Center for Laser Medicine, Chelyabinsk

T G Kravchenko

Multidisciplinary Center for Laser Medicine, Chelyabinsk

E N Ignatieva

Multidisciplinary Center for Laser Medicine, Chelyabinsk

I V Yelovskikh

South Ural State Medical University, Chelyabinsk

References

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