Activity of protegrin-1 against mouse Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in vitro and in vivo

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: The problem of multidrug resistance in cancer treatment creates an urgent demand for developing new effective antitumor agents. Due to the unusual mechanism of recognizing and damaging tumor cells, antimicrobial peptides are considered as possible prototypes for designing such therapeutics.

AIM: This work was aimed to compare the antitumor potential of the promising membranolytic antimicrobial peptide protegrin-1 in vitro and in vivo in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma mice model.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used two variants of the model by inducing a tumor in solid or ascites form. In the first case, the mice were injected with the peptide twice a week for three weeks, and in the second injections were provided every other day for six days. The activity of antimicrobial peptides against isolated Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells in vitro was analyzed using MTT-test.

RESULTS: Protegrin-1 demonstrated high activity against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells in vitro, but had no significant effect on the lifespan of mice bearing solid or ascites form of Ehrlich tumor at the dosing and administration regimens we used. However, treatment with protegrin-1 caused a decrease in the ascites volume and in the number of cells in the ascites fluid.

CONCLUSIONS: Protegrin-1 retains its antitumor properties in vivo, but it may be presumed, that to effectively suppress tumor growth it requires a more frequent and prolonged administration compared with conventional antitumor antibiotics, of which we adopted the administration regimen for protegrin-1 in this study.

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About the authors

Alena E. Rudel

Institute of Experimental Medicine

Email: alenarudel@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9738-057X
SPIN-code: 8735-4061

Postgraduate Student (Biology), Junior Researcher of the Laboratory of Anticancer Peptide Drugs of the Department of General Pathology and Pathophysiology

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Tatiana A. Filatenkova

Institute of Experimental Medicine

Email: lero269@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6911-7456
SPIN-code: 4198-3636

Researcher of the Laboratory of Anticancer Peptide Drugs of the Department of General Pathology and Pathophysiology

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Maria S. Zharkova

Institute of Experimental Medicine

Author for correspondence.
Email: manyvel@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3352-8197
SPIN-code: 3966-6347

Cand. Sci. (Biology), Head of the Laboratory of Anticancer Peptide Drugs of the Department of General Pathology and Pathophysiology

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

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2. Figure. Effects of protegrin-1 (PG-1) against Ehrlich tumor: a, activity of peptides against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells in vitro; b, survival curves of mice with EAC-induced solid tumor treated with PG-1; c, reduction in the total number of cells in ascites fluid upon administration of various doses of PG-1; d, survival curves of mice with EAC-induced ascites upon administration of various doses of PG-1. * p = 0.050 compared with untreated control (Mann–Whitney U-test; n1, 2 = 3)

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