Application of silver nanoparticles in medicine: pros and cons; advantages of silver nanoparticle composites with organic antibacterial substances and biocompatible polymers



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Abstract

Growing bacterial resistance to conventional antibiotics is a serious problem of contemporary medicine. Nanoparticles are now widely used in various branches of industry and in medicine. The antibacterial potential of silver nanoparticles is extensive and spreads to Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, including multidrug-resistant strains, as well as bacterial biofilms. Silver nanoparticles have multiple targets of antibacterial action therefore the microbial resistance to them is hardly developing.  In addition, other types of biological activity have been described for silver: wound-healing, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor. Such diverse biological properties, as well as potential toxicity of silver nanoparticles, are determined by their size and shape, the method of nanpoparticles synthesis and the type of stabilizing agent. Therefore, despite the undoubted advantages of these nanomaterials, there are still problems with their application in medicine due to some undesirable effects on living objects. This review provides information on methods for modifying silver nanoparticles with antibacterial agents, such as antibiotics, antimicrobial peptides, which demonstrate a synergistic effect against pathogenic bacteria, to create new effective antibacterial drugs devoid of undesirable properties.

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About the authors

Elizaveta Vasilyevna Vladimirova

Institute of Experimental Medicine

Email: vladymyrovaliza18@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6576-9844

Olga Shamova

Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg

Author for correspondence.
Email: oshamova@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5168-2801

Associate Professor, Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of the Department of General Pathology and Pathological Physiology

Russian Federation

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Growing bacterial resistance to conventional antibiotics is a serious problem of contemporary medicine. Nanoparticles are now widely used in various branches of industry and in medicine. The antibacterial potential of silver nanoparticles is extensive and spreads to Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, including multidrug-resistant strains, and bacteria in biofilms. Silver nanoparticles have multiple targets of antibacterial action therefore the microbial resistance to them is hardly developing.  In addition, other types of biological activity have been described for silver: wound-healing, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor. Such diverse biological properties, as well as potential toxicity of silver nanoparticles, are determined by their size and shape, the method of nanpoparticles synthesis and the type of stabilizing agent. However, despite the undoubted advantages of these nanomaterials, there are still problems with their application in medicine due to some undesirable effects on living objects. This review provides information on methods for modifying silver nanoparticles with antibacterial agents, such as antibiotics, antimicrobial peptides, which demonstrate a synergistic and additive effects against pathogenic bacteria, taken in combinations with nanoparticles as well as increase their antimicrobial activity and ensure stability when used as complexes with these nanomaterials. Thus, composites of silver nanoparticles with organic biocompatible preparations can be considering as a promising base for creating new effective antimicrobial drugs devoid of undesirable properties.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


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СМИ зарегистрировано Федеральной службой по надзору в сфере связи, информационных технологий и массовых коммуникаций (Роскомнадзор).
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