НЕЙРОИММУННЫЕ ВЗАИМООТНОШЕНИЯ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ ПРИ ХРОНИЧЕСКОЙ РТУТНОЙ ИНТОКСИКАЦИИ

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Introduction. In recent years, the mechanism of regulation by the central nervous system (CNS) of the immune system, and vice versa, is of particular interest when exposed to neurotoxicants. An important role in this interaction belongs to cytokines, neurospecific proteins. Antibodies (AB) on the one hand, participating in the processes of dysregulation, can be one of the reasons for the development of, on the other - to act as endogenous protective substances [1]. The purpose of the study was to identify the dependencies between the content of cytokines, neuronal antibodies and changes in the bioelectrical activity of the brain in patients with neurointoxication with mercury, depending on the severity of the pathological process. Material and methods. 50 men were examined with occupational chronic mercury intoxication (ChMI) who were undergoing in-depth examination and treatment at the clinic of the Institute. Including: 17 persons with ChMI I-II degree, characterized mainly by asthenoneurotic syndrome (at the age of 49.60 ± 1.3 years, with work experience in contact with mercury - 21.65 ± 1.61 years). 33 patients with ChMI of III degree (age - 53.38 ± 0.82 years, experience - 15.62 ± 0.8 years) in the clinical picture of which encephalopathy dominates. The diagnoses were established by the doctors of the Clinic on the basis of the classification criteria for diseases and conditions of the 10th revision. Pro-, antiinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, INF-γ) were determined in the serum by ELISA using test systems of Vector Best (Novosibirsk), neurotropic IgG class AT to nerve tissue proteins (NF-200, GFAP, S-100, MBP, MAG, B-end. Ca-canal, B2GP, DNA, GABA-P, Glu-R, DA-R, Ser-R, AH-R) (“Immunculus”, Moscow). Determination of visual evoked potentials (VEP) and their components was carried out on a DX-NT 32 V 1.9 computer electroencephalograph (manufactured by DX-Complexes LTD, Kharkov). Statistical processing of research results was carried out using the software package Statistica 6.0. Results and discussion. In previous studies, we have shown that the development and course of mercury neurointoxication is accompanied by a disturbance of the cytokine balance, a change in the levels of neuronal AB [2, 3]. As a result of these studies, the features of the relationship between cytokines and antibodies to the regulatory proteins of the nervous tissue were revealed. IL-1β hyperproduction was accompanied by an increase in AB to Ser-R (r = 0.74; p = 0.01), a B-end Ca-canal (r = 0.70; p = 0.02) and a decrease in AB to Glu-P (r = -0.64; p = 0.04) in patients with ChMI I-II degree. Decrease in IL-1β correlated with increased production of AB to S-100 (r = -0.42; p = 0.04), and a decrease in TNF-α with increasing AB to NF-200 (r = -0.56; p = 0.005), GABA-P (r = -0.51; p = 0.01) and GFAP (r = -0.44; p = 0.03) in patients with ChMI III stage. The results indicate the initiation or regulation of immunopathological reactions, depending on the degree of ChMI. When studying the VEP in patients with ChMI with high levels of AB to S-100 protein, a more pronounced delay in the appearance of the response of the cortex to the visual stimulus and an increase in the latency of P200 (ChMI I-II degree - r = 0.43; p = 0.02, ChMI III degree - r = 0.76; p = 0.03). Conclusion. Thus, the obtained data confirm the complex functional interrelations between the nervous and immune systems, the selectivity and selectivity of damage to the structures of the nervous tissue at various stages of ChMI, which can serve as biomarkers in diagnosing the severity of mercury neurointoxication.

Об авторах

Г М Бодиенкова

ФГБНУ «Восточно-Сибирский институт медико-экологических исследований»; ФГБОУ ВО «Иркутский национальный исследовательский технический университет»

О Л Лахман

ФГБНУ «Восточно-Сибирский институт медико-экологических исследований»

Е В Боклаженко

ФГБНУ «Восточно-Сибирский институт медико-экологических исследований»

С И Курчевенко

ФГБНУ «Восточно-Сибирский институт медико-экологических исследований»

Е В Катаманова

ФГБНУ «Восточно-Сибирский институт медико-экологических исследований»

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